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1、高考總復習一輪用書立體設計走進新課堂英 語必修3Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries課程解讀課程解讀話題Developing and Developed Countries(發(fā)展中國家和發(fā)達國家）連線高考2010安徽，閱讀理解C2010陜西，閱讀理解B功能Making comparisons(做比較）語法Link words連詞（but,however,although,while的用法）課程解讀課程解讀重點詞匯及拓展1.measure vt.測定；測量；評估2.position n.位置3.figure n.數字4.crowded adj.擁
2、擠的5.location n.位置；所在地6.transport n.交通工具7.exchange n.交換8.unfortunate adj.不幸的，遺憾的unfortunately adv.遺憾地fortunately（反義詞）adv.幸運地fortune n.運氣9.industrial adj.工業(yè)的industry n.工業(yè)10.hungry adj.饑餓的hunger n.饑餓11.development n.發(fā)展develop v.發(fā)展developing adj.發(fā)展中的developed adj.發(fā)達的12.polluted adj.被污染的pollute v.污染pollu
3、tion n.污染課程解讀課程解讀重點短語1.up to直到2.reduce.to減至3.increase.by以的幅度增加4.make an effort 努力5.be connected with與有聯系；與有關6.be close to接近，靠近重點句型1.The bottom ten countries are all African countries,with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list.最后10個國家均是非洲國家，賽拉利昂（西非）排在最后。2.One of the most important s
4、ections of this report is the Human Development Index.這份報告最重要的部分之一是人類發(fā)展指標。知識要點知識要點要點一 單詞1. measure n.尺寸，大??；度量單位，度量器；措施;法規(guī)v.測量，測定；考慮，評估；衡量歸納拓展（1）make clothes to ones measure為某人量體裁衣in some/large/full measure有幾分/在很大程度上/最大限度地take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事（2）measure up to符合（期望）；達到（標準）知識要點知識要點例句：The coat
5、 which is not made to your own measure is much too loose for you.這件沒按照你的尺寸做的大衣你穿著太松了。We should take appropriate measures to improve our teaching.我們應采取適當措施提高教學質量。The job failed to measure up to her expectations.這項工作沒有滿足她的期望。知識要點知識要點注意：（1）measure表示“措施”之意時，常用其復數形式measures。（2）當measure表示“量起來有長/寬/高”時是不及物動
6、詞，后跟量的結果，此種情況下不能用被動語態(tài)。例句：The road measures 30 feet across.這條路寬30英尺。It measures more easily if spread on a table.如果把它鋪在桌子上，量起來就更容易了。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】Doctors say it is too early to _ the effectiveness of the drug.A.valueB.concludeC.measureD.count【解析解析】句意為：醫(yī)生們說判定這種藥物的效果為時過早。measure“評估，衡量”，符合題意。value“重
7、視”；conclude“得出（結論），總結”；count “計算；數”，均不合題意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點Many car accidents occur because motorists cant _ the speed of approaching vehicles.A.concludeB.countC.measureD.value【解析解析】句意為：很多車禍的發(fā)生都是因為開車者不能估量對面開來的車的速度造成的。measure在此為及物動詞，意為“估量”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點2. position n. 地點，位置，所在地；姿勢；地位；位地點，位置，所在地；姿勢；地位；
8、位次；立場；處境；職位次；立場；處境；職位歸納拓展（1）out of/in (a) position不在/在適當位置sit/lie in a comfortable position以舒適的姿勢坐著/躺著（2）take up(ones)position擔任某職務shift ones position改變立場知識要點知識要點例句：Youve put me in a very difficult position.你使我的處境變得非常困難。That plant is in the wrong position.It doesnt like too much sun.那棵植物放錯了位置，它并不需要多
9、曬太陽。He had worked for the company for 20 years and was in a position of trust.他為這家公司工作了20年，因而被委以重任。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】As a result of his excellent work,he is promoted to an important _.A.positionB.situationC.locationD.profession【解析解析】position“職位”;situation“情況,局面，形勢”；location“位置，地點”；profession“職業(yè)”。根據句
10、意可知是“委以重任”，故選A?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點3. figure n. 數字；圖形；人物；身材；（隱約可見的）數字；圖形；人物；身材；（隱約可見的）人影人影v. 計算；想，估計；計算；想，估計； 認為；認定認為；認定歸納拓展（1）the latest sales figure 最新的銷售數字a square figure方形a historical figure歷史人物keep ones figure 保持完美的身材（2）figure sth.in將某物包括在內；計算在內figure on sth.指望/計劃某物/某事figure out弄明白；計算出figure that.認為
11、知識要點知識要點例句：By the end of last year,the sales figure of this factory had got to 20 million.到去年年底為止，這個工廠的銷售數字已達到兩千萬。How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much?她吃得這么多，究竟是怎樣保持好身材的？I cant figure out why she said so.我無法理解她為什么這樣說。I figured at that time that I could arrive just on time if
12、I took a taxi.當時我認定如果打車我還能按時趕到。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】I cant _ what has happened to the vegetables，for they were freshly picked this morning.A.look outB.take outC.work outD.figure out【解析解析】句意為：我不明白這些蔬菜怎么了，因為早上摘的時候還是新鮮的。figure out在此意為“理解，明白”。【答案答案】D知識要點知識要點The present situation is very complex,so I think
13、it will take me some time to _ its reality.A.make upB.figure outC.look throughD.put off【解析解析】考查動詞短語。句意為：現在的情況非常復雜，因此我想過一段時間才能夠弄清楚它的實際情況。make up“編造，組成，彌補，化妝”；figure out“弄清楚，弄明白”；look through“瀏覽，快速查看”;put off“推遲”，根據句意，選B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點4. agree vt. 承認，同意，使承認，同意，使達到一致達到一致vi. 同意，贊同意，贊同；允諾；答應；與同；允諾；答應；與一
14、致，相同；相宜，調和一致，相同；相宜，調和歸納拓展agree with.同意某人的意見/想法；與一致；對適合agree with ones idea/opinion/what sb.said/sb.s words同意某人的意見/觀點/某人所說的話agree to ones plan/arrangement/suggestion同意某人的計劃/安排/建議agree on/upon sth.就某事達成共識（主語是兩個以上的人）agree to do sth.同意做某事agree that.同意天氣或食物+agree（s）with sb.氣候、食物等適合某人知識要點知識要點例句：Mutton doe
15、snt agree with me.羊肉不太適合我。They agreed on/upon the time of the concert.他們就音樂會的時間達成了一致。She agreed （that） we could finish early.她同意我們早結束。I quite agree to your plan for the journey.我非常同意你的旅行計劃。They agreed to help us.他們同意幫助我們。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】Weddings are happy occasions but when my sister got married l
16、ast year,my mum and sister did not _ anything.A.agree withB.agree toC.agree onD.agree at【解析解析】agree with“同意某人的意見，對適合”；agree to do“同意做某事”；agree on/upon“就某事達成共識”；agree at短語不存在。句意為：結婚是幸福的時刻，但是當我姐姐去年結婚時，我母親和姐姐在任何事情上都無法達成共識。故正確答案答案為C?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點5. exchange n.&vt. 交換交換;交流交流;兌換兌換歸納拓展（1）exchange ideas/i
17、nformation交流想法/信息exchange A for B 以A換Bexchange sth.with sb.與某人交換某物（2）in exchange (for.)作為交換；以換the exchange rate兌換率make an exchange交換知識要點知識要點例句：Four of my cassettes for your Madonna CD is a fair exchange.我用四盒磁帶換你的麥當娜CD很公平。Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera?用我的舊電視機換這架照相機，你愿意嗎？At the
18、end of the game players traditionally exchange shirts with each other.按照傳統(tǒng)，比賽結束時兩隊球員互換球衣。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】They _ a glance before they signed their names in the paper.A.changedB.turnedC.hadD.exchanged【解析解析】句意為：在文件上簽名之前他們互相對視了一下。exchange a glance“相互看看”，符合題意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點The technical cooperation an
19、d cultural _ between the two countries are daily on the increase.A.expensesB.exchangesC.revengeD.extension【解析解析】考查名詞辨析。句意為：這兩個國家間的技術合作與文化交流日益增強。cultural exchanges“文化交流”，符合題意。expense“花費”；revenge“報復”；extension“加強”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點要點二要點二 短語短語1. make an effort努力；盡力努力；盡力歸納拓展（1）make an effort to do sth.盡力做
20、或勉為其難地做某事make every effort盡一切努力make a good effort/(many) efforts to do sth.盡一切努力做某事(2)spare no effort不遺余力without effort毫不費力地例句：Lu lifted the box without any apparent effort.盧毫不費力地把箱子搬起來。The clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.俱樂部正在盡一切努力來吸引更多的年輕人。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練】We should make e
21、very _ to help all the students learn something useful in class.A.effortB.thingC.wayD.use【解析】句意為：我們應盡一切努力幫助所有的同學在課堂上學到有用的東西。make every effort“盡全力”，符合題意。B項thing“事情,東西”；C項way“道路，方法”；D項use“用處”，均與題意不符?！敬鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點We should _ to help the people in Yushu to rebuild their homes.A.make every effortsB.make
22、all effortC.make an effortsD.spare no effort【解析解析】句意為：我們應該不遺余力地幫助玉樹人民重建家園。spare no effort to do sth.“不遺余力地去做”。A、B、C三項短語均有錯誤，A項應改為make every effort；B項應改為make all efforts；C項應改為make an effort?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點2.up to歸納拓展（1）up to 達到（數目）直到（高至）（程度）直到（時間）=up till（2）be up to do打算做/正做（某種不好的事）Its up to sb.to do
23、 sth.應由某人做某事Its up to you.由你做主/取決于你。知識要點知識要點例句：I can take up to four people in my car.我的汽車能坐多達4個人。My English isnt up to writing that letter.我的英語達不到能寫那封信的程度。What are these naughty boys up to?這些淘氣的男孩子在干什么？Its up to me to get the four of us moving.由我來負責我們4個人的行動。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】What in the world are y
24、ou _ ? Stop it at once.A.up toB.upC.up withD.up against【解析解析】句意為：你到底在搞什么鬼？還不快住手。be up to do“打算做，正在做”，一般指某種不好的事，根據句意可知選A。in the world“究竟、到底”相當于on earth。【答案答案】A知識要點知識要點3. be/get close to靠近；接近靠近；接近歸納拓展（1）be close to接近（指空間）；幾乎，將近（與數字連用）keep a close eye/watch on密切注視；嚴密監(jiān)視come close to doing差一點兒就做（2）close
25、up to離很近close by臨近地（的）；近旁的（地）知識要點知識要點例句：They chose a spot close to the river for their picnic.他們選擇了一個離河不遠的地方來野餐。The two countries are close to signing a peace agreement.兩國即將簽署和平協議。The fire is too fierce for the firemen to get close to.火太大了，消防隊員無法靠近。知識要點知識要點同類辨析close與closelyclose既可作動詞、形容詞，還可作副詞，作副詞主要
26、指從距離上來說比較近；closely作副詞主要指程度，“緊密地，緊緊地，仔細地”。例句：Dont stand so close to her.別站得離她那么近。The boy followed his mother closely.那男孩緊跟著他母親。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練】Theyre _ each other and talking _ .A.close to;closelyB.close to;closeC.closely to;closelyD.closely;close【解析】be close to表示空間或距離上“很近”，而closely用作副詞表示抽象意義，意為“密切地，緊密
27、地”。根據句意選A。【答案】A知識要點知識要點要點三 句型1.The bottom ten countries are all African countries，with Sierra Leone （in West Africa） at the bottom of the list.處于最后的10個國家均是非洲國家，賽拉利昂（西非）排在最后。“with+復合賓語”表示伴隨情況、方式、原因、時間或條件等，在句中除作狀語外，還可作定語。知識要點知識要點歸納拓展(1)“with+名詞/代詞+名詞”在句中作定語或狀語。(2)“with+名詞/代詞+形容詞”在句中常作狀語。(3)“with+名詞/代詞
28、+副詞”在句中常作狀語。(4)“with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語”在句中常作狀語或定語。(5)“with+名詞/代詞+現在分詞”在句中常作狀語。其中現在分詞表示主動或正在進行的動作。(6)“with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”，在句中作狀語，其中過去分詞表示被動的動作。(7)“with+名詞/代詞+動詞不定式”在句中常作狀語。其中不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。知識要點知識要點例句：He went out into the dark street with a stick in his hand.他走進漆黑的街道，手里拿著一根木棍。He is used to sleeping with the windo
29、ws open.他習慣于開著窗子睡覺。He went out with all the lights on.他開著燈就出去了。He died with his son yet a school boy.他死的時候，他的兒子還是一個學生。We found her house easily with the little boy leading the way.由這個小男孩帶路，我們很容易地找到了她的家。With all the things she needed bought,she went home happily.買了所需要的東西后，她高興地回家了。With so many things
30、to deal with,I cant go on holiday.有這么多的事要處理，我不能去度假。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】With water _ constantly，the brave soldier jumped into the river to save the drowning villager.A.to riseB.risingC.risenD.rose【解析解析】該空表示“正在上升”，因此應填現在分詞rising，構成“with+n.+現在分詞”結構作伴隨狀語。A、C、D不能體現這一含義，故被排除掉。【答案答案】B知識要點知識要點They usually giv
31、e the show in the open，with the villagers _ on benches，chairs or simply stones.A.having seatedB.seatingC.seatedD.being seated【解析解析】考查“with+n.+非謂語動詞”的結構。with the villagers.在此處作伴隨狀語，表示狀態(tài)。seat的用法為seat sb.或sb. be seated，故選C項。【答案答案】C知識要點知識要點With exports _ a big role in its economic growth,China has been
32、affected by the current financial storm.A.playingB.to playC.playedD.play【解析解析】考查非謂語動詞作賓補。句意為：由于出口在經濟發(fā)展中占很大比重，因此當前的金融風暴一直影響著中國。export與play之間存在邏輯上的主動關系，故排除C、D兩項；而B項表將來動作，故被排除；A項表主動且進行，故為正確答案?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點2. Beijing doesnt have as many freeways as Sydney does.北京沒有悉尼那么多的高速公路。北京沒有悉尼那么多的高速公路。as many fre
33、eways as Sydney does為比較狀語從句，為比較狀語從句，as many.as“和和一樣多，有一樣多，有之多之多”。as.as 結構同級比較的形式有：（1）as+adj./adv.+as（2）as+adj.+可數名詞復數或不可數名詞+as（3）as+adj.+a/an+可數名詞單數形式+as知識要點知識要點注意：（1）同級比較的否定式為 not as/so.as.。（2）同級比較可修飾倍數、百分數、分數等。（3）此結構中第二個 as 可為連詞也可為介詞，作連詞可引導一個比較狀語從句，從句常用省略；作介詞時，后接名詞，也可接數量詞表示某性質達到了什么程度。知識要點知識要點例句：As
34、ia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。We walked as far as the lake last night.昨晚我們散步遠到湖邊。You must give flowers as much water as they need.你必須給花澆足夠多的水。Teaching is as much an art as it is a science.教育是一門科學，更是一門藝術。He owed as many thanks to his parents as（he owed）to his teachers.他同樣地感謝他的父母和老師。He
35、 is not so friendly to me as（I am）to him.他對我不像我對他那樣友好。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】Scientists generally agree that Earths climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years _ it has warmed in the 20，000 years since Ice Age.A.so long asB.as much asC.as long asD.as well as【解析解析】這是一個表示同級比較的比較狀語從句，比較的對象是上升的溫度。句意為：
36、科學家普遍認為，在未來的50年到100年間，氣候將要變暖，其幅度相當于自冰川期至現在兩萬年間的氣候變化?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點As is reported, Russia uses _ energy as the whole of South America.A.as twiceB.twice muchC.twice much asD.twice as much【解析解析】此題使用的倍數的表達方式為“倍數+as+adj.原級+不可數名詞+as”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緿知識要點知識要點要點四要點四 語法語法連接詞連接詞本模塊主要學習轉折連接詞but,however,while與although。
37、(1)but與howeverbut與however含義相同，都表示轉折語氣，意為“但是，然而”。but是一個并列連詞，可用來連接兩個句子或一個句子的兩個部分。一般放于兩個句子之間，其后不加逗號。例句：He made good promises but seldom kept them.他說得很好聽，就是很少遵守諾言。知識要點知識要點but還可用作副詞，意為“不過、僅僅”。例句：He is but a boy.他不過是個孩子。另外，but還可作介詞，意為“除之外”。例句：We can do nothing but wait.我們只能等。知識要點知識要點however是一個副詞，可放在句首、句中或
38、句尾，須用逗號跟句子其他部分分開。例句：Lily got up very early this morning.However,she still came late for the heavy traffic.莉莉今天早晨起得很早，然而，由于塞車她還是遲到了。另外，however還可表示“無論如何，不管怎樣”。例句：However hard the task may be,we must finish it on time.不管任務多么艱巨，我們都必須按時完成。知識要點知識要點(2)although與whilealthough是連詞，意為“雖然，盡管，然而”。在英語里如果用了although
39、或though，就不能再用but，但可以用yet或still。例句：雖然他身體不好，但是他工作努力。誤Although he is in poor health,but he works hard.正Although (或Though) he is in poor health,(yet) he works hard.正He is in poor health,but he works hard.知識要點知識要點although與though的用法有區(qū)別。although較正式，多用于句首。though在非正式語體中較為普遍，但在下列用法中，不能用although,要用though。a.表示強
40、調時要用even though。例句：Even though I didnt understand a word,I kept smiling.盡管我一個字也不懂，我還是一直微笑著。b.though可以用在倒裝句中。例句：Young though he is,he is quite experienced.他雖然年輕，但很有經驗。知識要點知識要點c.though可作副詞，表示“然而”，放在句末或其他位置。例句：He said he would come.He didnt,though.他說他要來，結果卻沒來。while是連詞，可表示時間，意為“當的時候，和同時”。a.表示對比，意為“而，然而”
41、。例句：Some people respect him,while others despise him.有些人尊敬他，然而也有些人輕視他。知識要點知識要點b.表示讓步，意為“雖然，盡管”（=although）。例句：While I sympathize,I cant really do very much to help.盡管我很同情，但我實在幫不了什么。c.表示條件，意為“只要”（=as long as）。例句：There will be life while there is water and air.只要有水和空氣就會有生命。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】I thought w
42、ed be late for the concert _ we ended up getting there ahead of time.A.butB.orC.soD.for【解析解析】考查轉折連詞的用法。句意為：我原以為我們去音樂會會遲到，結果我們竟提前到了。前后兩個分句之間的邏輯關系為語義轉折，故選but。or表示選擇關系；so,for表因果關系，根據句意應選A?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert _ it means standing in a queue all night.A.so thatB.
43、howeverC.even thoughD.as if【解析解析】even though在句中引導讓步狀語從句，意為“即使，盡管”，句意為:羅德決定要去買音樂會的票，即使這意味著要排一整夜的隊?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點_ the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As【解析解析】考查狀語從句的從屬連詞。句意為：盡管因特網用途巨大，但我認為在網上花費太多的時間并不好。while引導讓步狀語從句相當于although
44、，故選B。【答案答案】B知識要點知識要點We had to wait half an hour _ we had already booked a table.A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before【解析解析】考查連詞辨析。做該類型的題目關鍵是看兩個分句間的關系?！拔覀兊攘税雮€小時”和“我們早已預定了餐桌”之間是轉折關系，故選 although。although引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”。干擾項 since 有“既然”之意，表示因果關系，故應排除；until意為“直到”；before意為“在之前”，均與題意不符?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點Faced with the exams,we should work as hard as we can. _, we shouldnt do it at the cost of our health.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Furthermore【解析解析】句意為：面臨著考試，我們應當努力學習。盡管如此，我們不能以犧牲我們的健康為代價。however“盡管如此”，符合題意。therefore“因此，所以”；moreover“此外；而且”；furthermore“進一步說”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽Thank you !
高考英語 Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries課件 外研版版必修3
