（江蘇專版）高考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 微專題訓(xùn)練 第27練 科技類（一）-人教版高三全冊英語試題

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1、 第27練 科技類（一） 單詞識記： accelerate　　accessible　 　mobile　 　modern automatic breakthrough spacecraft succeed brilliant click demand drawback electronic engine experiment function fundamental introduce support revolution 短語掃描： make a breakthrough取得突破 hav

2、e a good memory記憶力好 take/leave a message for sb.為某人傳話/留言 get the message 領(lǐng)悟；理解；明白(別人的暗示) with the development of 隨著……的發(fā)展 change one’s life改變某人的生活 explore for探測 perform a function履行職責(zé) carry out 實(shí)行；執(zhí)行 compared to/with與……相比 [跟蹤訓(xùn)練] Ⅰ.語境填詞 1．He is a great ________(succeed) as a writer，but a f

3、ailure as a father. 2．A small，________(brilliant) colored bird flashed into view. 3．He found he could no longer cope with his ________(demand) job. 4．My ________(實(shí)驗(yàn)) show that light or heat is attractive. 5．We must make sure that public facilities in the newly-built buildings，like the restroom a

4、nd the lift，are ________ (access) to disabled visitors. Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 6．When first ________ to the mainland market，the fruits from Taiwan Island enjoyed a great success immediately. A．introducing B．introduced C．introduce D．being introduced 7．The experiment that he ________ was ________. A．did；suc

5、cessfully B．made；successfully C．carried out；a success D．set out；a success 8．Apparently，due to the new policy，________ years before，food waste has much decreased since last year. A．to compare with B．comparing with C．being compared with D．compared with 9．They now have a good government，__

6、______ by all the people. A．having supported B．supporting C．supported D．to be supported 10．—It’s a good idea.But who’s going to ________ the plan. —I think Tom and Greg will. A．set aside B．carry out C．take in D．get through 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Scientists can figure out a mo

7、vie’s emotional tone from the gasps of its audience.Sure，the sounds are a clue，but so are the chemicals that viewers breathe in each time they sigh and scream，a new study suggests. “You hear the music and see the pictures，but you don’t realize there’re chemical signals in the air，” says Jonathan Wi

8、lliams，who led the study and works at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz，Germany. Williams started out measuring the air in a soccer stadium.He wanted to see if the fans’ exhaled(呼出的) breaths might affect levels of greenhouse gases in the air.Carbon dioxide, which people breathe out，is

9、 one example.And he found the answer was no at least on a small scale.But he noticed levels of carbon dioxide shifted wildly whenever the crowd cheered.That got him wondering：Could the gases people exhale be influenced by emotions? So Williams went to the movies.He and his coworkers measured air sa

10、mples collected over six weeks in two movie theaters.Overall,9,500 moviegoers watched 16 films including a mix of comedy，romance，action and horror films.Then they looked for hundreds of chemicals in the air that showed up as people were watching particular movie scenes. Scenes that had people laugh

11、ing or on_the_edge_of_their_seats were especially unique，the researchers reported.During screenings of The Hunger Games：Catching Fire，levels of carbon dioxide and isoprene(異戊二烯) were the highest at two terrifying moments.Because isoprene was involved in muscle movement，the researchers thought tense

12、movie moments likely led to its highest level.Williams and his colleagues thought an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide was due to the viewers’ increased pulse and breathing rates. Scientists need more data to make stronger links between human emotions and what’s in their breath.But Williams

13、can see possible practical uses.Companies，for instance, could quickly measure the air during tests to see how people feel about new products. 1．What did Jonathan Williams find in the study conducted in a soccer stadium? A．Emotions affected the gases people breathe out. B．Human cheers changed leve

14、ls of carbon dioxide. C．Human breaths affected levels of greenhouse gases. D．The exhaled chemicals were linked to what were eaten. 2．What does the underlined part “on the edge of their seats” in Para.5 mean? A．Nervous. B．Touched. C．Happy. D．Puzzled. 3．What does Jonathan Williams think of

15、 his study in movie theaters? A．Creative. B．Unsuccessful. C．Systematic. D．Meaningful. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Watching Movies Is Good for Our Emotions B．The Useful Role of Chemical Signals in the Air C．Our Breaths Show Our Emotions at the Movies D．Reasons for Levels of

16、 Carbon Dioxide in Theaters B Scientists have known for decades that having measles(麻疹) suppresses kids’ immune systems for several weeks or months，leaving them ill-equipped to fight off pneumonia，bronchitis and other infections. Now a team of researchers has suggested that the measles virus may

17、also leave a longer-lasting sort of “immune-amnesia(免疫缺失)” that makes it harder for people to stave_off other illnesses for two years or more. “That re-emphasizes the importance of vaccination(疫苗)，” said biologist Michael Mina，lead author of a paper that was published in the journal Science. “Ther

18、e may be a long-lasting impact that you can’t undo if your child gets measles，” he said.“I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.” The researchers used what Mina called “an unconventional approach” to search for the long-lasting immune system effects.Previous work in monk

19、eys suggested that monkeys with the disease lost white blood cells their bodies had trained to fight off other illnesses，leaving them more likely to be infected. To test if a similar thing may occur in humans，the group mined historical data to find out the relationship between measles incidence(發(fā)病率

20、) and deaths from other infectious diseases. They turned to data from England and Wales—developed nations where disease levels are generally low，allowing a less-confused view of measles’ effects.Studying measles incidence and deaths from infectious disease both before and after the introduction of

21、the measles vaccine in the UK in the 1960s，Mina and the team saw a sort of shadow effect，where deaths from a variety of non-measles infectious diseases closely tracked measles incidence.The more measles in a population，the more deaths from other illnesses in the 28-month period that followed. “Real

22、ly it didn’t matter what age group，what decade or what country，” said Mina.“They all showed consistent results...what we’re suggesting happens over the long term is that your immune system works fine，but it has forgotten what it previously learned.” Some researchers who were not involved in the wor

23、k questioned whether the reductions in deaths as measles cases declined may have had more to do with improving nutrition and smaller family size than with prolonged immune suppression. Others thought the paper’s opinion of years-long suppression was seemingly reasonable but said they could not comm

24、ent on the mathematical models the group used. To know for certain what was behind the effect the group saw，Mina agreed，scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior.He said he would like to push the work in a more traditional direction：back into the laboratory. 5．Why di

25、d Mina call their research method “an unconventional approach”？ A．Their research was based on the historical data. B．Their research compared monkeys with humans. C．They only paid attention to developed nations. D．They discovered a sort of shadow effect. 6．According to Mina，what is the significa

26、nce of their research? A．They warned people that measles can result in other infectious diseases. B．They carried out the research on measles in an unconventional approach. C．They showed how dangerous measles is and the importance of vaccination. D．They found out the disease levels are generally

27、low in developed nations. 7．The underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．keep away B．survive from C．search for D．turn down 8．Which of the following may be the best title of the passage? A．Measles Has Been the Origin of Other Diseases and Deaths B．

28、New Research Conducted into Measles Has Been Widely Questioned C．Study Points to Years-long Immune System Misfortunes from Measles D．Damage Caused by Measles to the Immune System Could Last Several Weeks Ⅱ.佳作背誦(科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù)) 你的美國筆友Tom來信和你討論個人信息保護(hù)問題，讓你就如何保護(hù)個人信息給他一些建議。請你以李華的名義重點(diǎn)從以下兩個方面談?wù)勛约旱目捶ǎ? 1．給予足

29、夠重視； 2．學(xué)會如何保護(hù)。 注意：詞數(shù)150左右。文章的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 參考范文 Dear_Tom， We_are_living_in_the_Information_Age.The protection of personal information is becoming more and more important.Here I’d like to give you some advice on this. First of all，you should pay enough attention to the protection of your pe

30、rsonal information.Remember: once you’ve shared something，you will lose control of it and some people may share upsetting things about you without you knowing it. Secondly，you must know how to protect your personal information.For example，never provide your personal information for any strangers or

31、 people you know online.If necessary，you’d better confirm it is for legal use before letting it out.If you receive an official-looking email that asks you to send your financial details，you should never reply as you could become a victim of identity fraud. Yours， Li_Hua 答案精析 第27練　科技類(一) 高考高頻單詞與

32、短語識記排查 跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.1.success　2.brilliantly　3.demanding　4.experiments 5．a(chǎn)ccessible Ⅱ.6.B　[過去分詞短語作狀語，相當(dāng)于When the fruits were first introduced to the mainland market。] 7．C　[carry out the experiment完成(進(jìn)行)試驗(yàn)；表語部分可用a success或successful。] 8．D　[考查非謂語動詞作狀語。句意為：很明顯，因?yàn)樾抡撸鷶?shù)年前相比，食物浪費(fèi)自去年開始有大幅的降低。句中將去年以來的食物浪費(fèi)與前

33、幾年相比，主語為food waste，與compare構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故選D。] 9．C　[government與support之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。] 10．B　[set aside留出，駁回；carry out執(zhí)行，貫徹；take in接受，理解；get through通過，做完。由題意知是“執(zhí)行計(jì)劃”，故選B。] 閱讀能力與寫作能力專練 Ⅰ. 語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，看電影時(shí)你的呼吸能顯示你當(dāng)時(shí)的情感狀態(tài)。 1．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的“...he noticed levels of carbon dioxide shifted wildly w

34、henever the crowd cheered.”可知，Jonathan Williams在足球場的發(fā)現(xiàn)是：人的歡呼聲能改變空氣中二氧化碳的含量。] 2．A　[詞義猜測題。劃線部分與之前的laughing構(gòu)成對比，同時(shí)根據(jù)下文的terrifying moments和tense movie moments可推知，劃線部分應(yīng)該是“緊張的”(nervous)意思。] 3．D　[推理判斷題。由最后一段的“But Williams can see possible practical uses...”可推知，Williams認(rèn)為他的研究是有意義的。] 4．C　[標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段為文章的主題段

35、，由該段可知文章圍繞“看電影時(shí)你的呼吸能說明你當(dāng)時(shí)的情感”展開。故C項(xiàng)最符合。] 語篇解讀 本文是一篇科技類說明文。為了研究麻疹和患感染性疾病死亡之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性,邁克爾·米納和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開展了一項(xiàng)基于歷史數(shù)據(jù)的非傳統(tǒng)的研究,此研究也引起科學(xué)界不同的看法。 5．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段“To test if a similar thing may occur in humans，the group mined historical data to find out the relationship...”可知。] 6．C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“‘That re-emphas

36、izes the importance of vaccination(疫苗)，’ said biologist Michael Mina，...”和文章第四段第二句“I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.”可知。] 7．A　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本句提到的“...‘immune-amnesia(免疫缺失)’ that makes it harder for people to stave off other illnesses...”可知。] 8．C　[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了一個研究團(tuán)隊(duì)開展麻疹病毒對人體免疫系統(tǒng)長期影響的研究，故選C項(xiàng)。]