高中英語《完形填空解題技巧》PPT課件

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1、 命題特點(diǎn)：1. 短文長度300詞左右，記敘文、說明文和議論文為主。 記敘文故事情節(jié)多有曲折，結(jié)果出乎意料，是幽默所在；議論文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)層次分明，有很多對仗現(xiàn)象。2. 首句無空格，提供語境。5-10詞設(shè)一空，人名、 地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。3. 選項(xiàng)多為一詞，偶會為詞組。四選項(xiàng)為同一類詞或?qū)偻环懂牐蚪x或形異義，或與前后配成詞組。故干擾性、迷性大。有時(shí)單獨(dú)看一句話語法都是正確的，但根據(jù)上下文只有一個(gè)正確答案。 4. 考查單詞以實(shí)詞(v, n, adj, adv, pron.)為主，虛詞(conj.,prep.)為輔。實(shí)詞一般占80%-90%。5. 以考查學(xué)生對文章的整體理解（篇章邏輯題）和

2、詞匯的意義（詞匯題）把握為主。有些要結(jié)合常識才能正確選項(xiàng)；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基礎(chǔ)上，正確把握上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，才能正確判斷和選擇。6. 有些空格答案由上文決定（前置性設(shè)空），有些由后文決定（后置性設(shè)空），有些要綜合上下文才能得到答案（語篇性設(shè)空），以后置性設(shè)空為主。 英語完形填空解題步驟1.速覽全文，把握大意。2.細(xì)讀首句，摸清文路。3.瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。4.復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空每個(gè)小題的正確答案都是有充分根據(jù)的，可以在文章匯總找到具體的突破口也就是信息點(diǎn)。解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下

3、義詞和概括詞等。2mins10mins2mins1mins n答題方法：n 1）擇優(yōu)法：根據(jù)文章及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個(gè)考證其余答案。n 2）排除法：如答案一時(shí)難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析等方面，對選項(xiàng)逐項(xiàng)分析試填。排除干擾項(xiàng)，從而確定正確答案。 Here are some Basic skills of cloze Skill 1:Choosing by context(上下文、語境)eg. Many old people dont have good _. A. hearing B. health C. eye

4、sight 1) They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio.C2) They cant listen to music or news over the radio, but they can read with glasses.3) They cant walk outside, but they can watch TV or listen to music or news over the radio at home.AB eg2. Wait till you are more _. A

5、. relaxed B. satisfied C. certain1) Its better to be sure than sorry.C 2) Ill improve it once more.B 3) Or else youll be more nervous on the stage.Aeg3.Traveling _, today becomes yesterday; traveling west it is tomorrow.A. south B. east C. north D. westeg4. Some parts of the water are very shallow.

6、But in some places it is very, very _.A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous eg1. When we talked, I discovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in

7、 each class. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. laterSkill 2：logic（邏輯推理） eg2. My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My _，Mommy” She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聾的）A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head eg1. At t

8、his moment, the air hostess 1 . She looked pale, but was quite 2 .1. A. showed B. presented C. exposed D. appeared2. A. well B. still C. calm D. quietVt. Vt.Vt. Vi Skill 3:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions (詞匯和短語用法)eg2. In the morning, the king went to visit the pond. To his surprise, th

9、e pond was only filled with water! What happened? Yes! Everyone had the same idea _that man. A. with B. to C. as D. ofthe same 。Skill4: Choosing by grammar(語法分析)eg1.and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange _ quite pleasant taste. A. beside B. but C.

10、 and D. or 。eg1.I turned the key in the lock and _the door open.A. knocked B. forced C. pushed D. triedeg2. All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of _ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools. A. all B. none

11、C. some D. bothSkill 5: Choosing by common sense(常識)eg3. (Immediately) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest The skills of finishing Cloze?Skill1: Choosing by 上下文、語境Skill2: Choosing by 邏輯推理Skill3: Choosing by 詞匯和短語用法Skill4: Choosing by

12、 語法分析Skill5: Choosing by 常識 完形填空四利用：n 1. 利用復(fù)現(xiàn)或同類的詞匯答題。n 2. 利用前后文的對仗關(guān)系。n 3. 利用上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。n 4. 生活常識。 完形填空三忌：n忌不看首句，直奔空格處作答。n忌當(dāng)做語法填空來做。完形填空很多選項(xiàng)必須根據(jù)上下文才能選出，不是孤立的看本句話。n忌先入為主，一氣呵成。做題時(shí)先填把握的空格，對不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回頭看才會獲得答案。 The more we practice, the easier it will be!Cloze is interesting, though diffic

13、ult. 答 案 D 答 案 B 答 案 B答 案 C 答 案 B答 案 A 答 案 A答 案 A 答 案 D答 案 C 答 案 B 答 案 D 答 案 B答 案 A 答 案 B答 案A 答 案 B答 案 A 答 案 D答 案 C manage to do. for/through managein withoutno for He provided them with farming tools and bagsof seeds. Give a man a fish，and you have fed him for today.Teach a man to fish，and you have fed him for a lifetime.