（江蘇專(zhuān)用）2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 選擇題與非選擇題靈活拆組卷（二）

《（江蘇專(zhuān)用）2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 選擇題與非選擇題靈活拆組卷（二）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專(zhuān)用）2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 選擇題與非選擇題靈活拆組卷（二）（20頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 選擇題專(zhuān)練卷(滿(mǎn)分65分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 1．This course is based on a project, one of ________aims is to improve the students comprehensive ability in English. A．whose　　　　　　 B．which C．its D．what 解析：選 A　考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)課程基于一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，其目的之一就是提高學(xué)生英語(yǔ)的綜合能力。whose在引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)既

2、可以指人也可以指物，whose指代project，本身作定語(yǔ)修飾aims。 2．As a common sense, childrens involvement in social activities, athletics and hobbies ________ just as important as academic achievement. A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．was D．were 解析：選A　考查主謂一致。句意：按常識(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)，孩子參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)、體育運(yùn)動(dòng)以及有業(yè)余愛(ài)好跟他們的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)一樣重要。本句主語(yǔ)為involvement，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。按常識(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)具有客觀

3、性，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示客觀存在的事實(shí)。 3．As the principal puts it, “No one ________the campus without the permission of the head teacher.” A．is leaving B．is to leave C．will leave D．Leaves 解析：選B　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：正如校長(zhǎng)所說(shuō)：“沒(méi)有班主任的允許，誰(shuí)也不準(zhǔn)離開(kāi)校園?！眀e to do結(jié)構(gòu)除了表示計(jì)劃將來(lái)，還可以表示“必須，應(yīng)該”的意思，符合語(yǔ)境。 4．Global oil prices ________since June

4、 as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily. A．fell B．had fallen C．were falling D．have been falling 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：從六月份起，隨著中國(guó)和歐洲需求下降，全球油價(jià)持續(xù)下滑，而美國(guó)的原油產(chǎn)量卻穩(wěn)定上升。當(dāng)since表示“自從……以來(lái)”的意思時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 5．People will find life meaningless ________ they

5、re willing to do their part for their selffulfillment. A．unless B．once C．though D．if 解析：選A　考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果人們不愿意為他們的自我實(shí)現(xiàn)而盡自己的職責(zé)，他們就會(huì)感到人生沒(méi)有意義。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用unless來(lái)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“除非，如果不”。 6．I was so moved by the language I nearly________， as if speaking at my daughters wedding. A．linked up B．plug

6、ged up C．choked up D．dammed up 解析：選C　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我被這種語(yǔ)言感動(dòng)得幾乎哽咽，好像在我女兒的婚禮上說(shuō)話一樣。choke up“(因感情激動(dòng)而)哽咽”，符合語(yǔ)境。link up“把……連接起來(lái)”；plug up“把……塞起來(lái)”；dam up“筑壩蓄水”。 7．In this volunteer organization, volunteers are allowed to do ________ work they would like to do in order to help others in need get through th

7、eir hard times. A．what B．which C．whatever D．whichever 解析：選C　考查名詞性從句。句意：在這家志愿者機(jī)構(gòu)，志愿者們可以做他們想做的任何工作以幫助處于困境中的其他人度過(guò)他們的艱苦時(shí)期。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知，此處應(yīng)用whatever“任何……的事物，什么……都”來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 8．The sports meet, whose ________ arrangement was due last Friday, was finally delayed because of the bad weather. A．temporary

8、 B．occasional C．a(chǎn)mbiguous D．original 解析：選D　考查形容詞辨析。句意：最初安排定于上周五召開(kāi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)由于惡劣的天氣最終延期了。original“原來(lái)的，最初的”符合語(yǔ)境。temporary“暫時(shí)的”；occasional“偶爾的，偶然的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”。 9．These severe mistakes may lead to unpredictable ______ and greatly weaken regional peace and stability. A．competitions B．compromises C

9、．connections D．consequences 解析：選D　考查名詞辨析。句意：這些嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致難以預(yù)料的結(jié)果，而且可能會(huì)大大削弱地區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定。consequence“結(jié)果，后果”符合語(yǔ)境。competition“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)賽”；compromise“妥協(xié)，和解”；connection“聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)”。 10．The magazine never contacted me or my team to ______ the authenticity of this story, making us all suspicious of its authority and re

10、liability. A．preserve B．a(chǎn)cknowledge C．emphasize D．confirm 解析：選D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：這個(gè)雜志從未聯(lián)系過(guò)我或我的團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)確認(rèn)這個(gè)故事的真實(shí)性，這讓我們都很懷疑它的權(quán)威和可靠性。preserve“保護(hù)，保存”；acknowledge“承認(rèn)”；emphasize“使突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)”；confirm“確認(rèn)，證實(shí)”。 11．When you read the wish lists of those poor children, you will be surprised that all of them also show a str

11、ong desire for knowledge, ________ some basic necessities. A．on behalf of B．in addition to C．on account of D．in comparison to 解析：選B　考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)你讀那些貧窮孩子的愿望清單時(shí)，你會(huì)吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們所有人除了想要一些基本的必需品之外，還表現(xiàn)出了對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈渴求。根據(jù)句意可知，in addition to“除了……之外”符合語(yǔ)境。on behalf of“代表”； on account of“由于，因?yàn)椤保?in comparison to“(與……)

12、相比較”。 12．To such an extent ________ their bad behaviour that he was to blame for it. A．he encouraged B．did he encourage C．would he encourage D．he would encourage 解析：選B　考查倒裝。句意：他在很大程度上助長(zhǎng)了他們的不良行為，他應(yīng)該為此負(fù)責(zé)。such ... that“如此……以至于”，such部分放在句首時(shí)主句要用部分倒裝，再結(jié)合后面的時(shí)態(tài)提示，故選B項(xiàng)。 13．—A new bridge is reported __

13、_____across the river in your hometown. —Yes, and it brings us great convenience. A．to be building B．to be built C．to have built D．to have been built 解析：選D　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：“據(jù)報(bào)道，你的家鄉(xiāng)新建了一座跨河大橋?！薄笆堑?，它給我們帶來(lái)了極大的方便?！备鶕?jù)答句可知，橋已經(jīng)建好。故選D項(xiàng)。 14．—I would be greatly thankful to Jason Coates who rescued my life a

14、fter I fell through the ice. —Thats it.You ________Christina, your wife but that Jason pulled you from the canal. A．will never meet B．would never meet C．would never have met D．will never have met 解析：選C　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：“我非常感謝詹森科茨，是他在我跌進(jìn)冰窟時(shí)救了我?！薄笆堑?。要不是詹森把你從河里救上來(lái)，你不會(huì)遇到你的妻子克里斯蒂娜?！眞ould have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的

15、虛擬。 15．—Hello, would you please put me through to Mr. Smith? —OK, ________ a minute, and Ill check if hes in his office. A．excuse me B．bear with me C．forget it D．get it 解析：選B　考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意：“你好，請(qǐng)幫我接通史密斯先生，好嗎？”“好的，請(qǐng)等我一會(huì)兒，我看看他是否在辦公室里?！眀ear with sb.“耐心等候(某人)”，符合語(yǔ)境。 Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下

16、面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Carols birthday was two days away.She was excited.Her parents had planned a birthday party for her.__16__， she was worried about who to invite __17__ she had no friends.She knew only one person who could __18__ her problem — her mother.So Carol __19__ her mother an

17、d her mother told her that she needed to __20__ a test to find a way. “A test？” asked Carol.“Yes.But dont worry; it is __21__，” said Mother.Carol thought the test was on how __22__ she was, but Mother had other __23__.She was going to test Carols __24__. The next morning, Carol left for school __2

18、5__.When she came back, Mother, staying in bed, told Carol that she was __26__ to take her to the dance class as she wasnt in good __27__.Carol, without waiting for her mother to __28__ her sentence, began yelling, “Today is the selection for the dance programme! I cannot __29__ this golden opportun

19、ity！” She then ran to her room in tears.Later, Mother come to Carols room.“I have the __30__ to your trouble.” “Really? Tell me ...but what about the test？” __31__ Carol excitedly.“The test is over.The most important thing is your behavior.Its your concern and attitude towards your friends that __32

20、__ more than your knowledge，” said Mother. Carol remained silent.She knew Mother was right.The next day in the PE class, there was a race and __33__ a girl fell down.No one stopped to __34__ her, but Carol did.Since then, Carol had a lot of friends.On that birthday, Mother had given Carol the most

21、special __35__ — friends. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：Carol即將過(guò)生日了，父母為她準(zhǔn)備了一個(gè)生日聚會(huì)，但是她沒(méi)有好朋友可以邀請(qǐng)。機(jī)智的媽媽做了一個(gè)測(cè)試讓Carol明白了自己沒(méi)有朋友的原因，并最終讓她贏得了越來(lái)越多的朋友。 16．A.Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“was excited”和下文中的“she was worried”可知，在她生日來(lái)臨之際，父母為她準(zhǔn)備了生日聚會(huì)，本來(lái)她很興奮，但是她又很焦慮，她不知道該邀請(qǐng)誰(shuí)來(lái)參加生日聚會(huì)，因?yàn)樗龥](méi)有朋友。前后句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用Howev

22、er。 17．A.if B．because C．though D．when 解析：選B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。 18．A.make up B．set up C．work out D．give out 解析：選C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及下文中的“find a way”可知，Carol知道只有一個(gè)人能找出解決她的問(wèn)題的方法，那就是她的媽媽。work out“找……的答案，解決”，符合語(yǔ)境。make up“編造”；set up“安排，成立”；give out“分發(fā)，宣布”。 19．A.turned to B．turned away C．turned upon D．turned in 解析：

23、選A　根據(jù)上文中的“She knew only one person who could __18__ her problem — her mother.So Carol”可知，此處指的應(yīng)是Carol向媽媽尋求幫助。turn to“求助于”，符合語(yǔ)境。turn away“拒絕，不讓某人進(jìn)入”；turn upon“突然攻擊”；turn in“告發(fā)”。 20．A.review B．design C．a(chǎn)nalyze D．take 解析：選D　根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，此處指媽媽告訴Carol需要參加一個(gè)測(cè)驗(yàn)來(lái)找到解決她的問(wèn)題的方法。take a test“參加測(cè)驗(yàn)”，是固定用法。review“

24、評(píng)論，檢查”；design“設(shè)計(jì)”；analyze“分析”。 21．A.optional B．general C．complete D．complicated 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文中的“dont worry”可知，媽媽給Carol準(zhǔn)備的這個(gè)測(cè)試只是很一般的測(cè)試。general“大致的，一般的”，符合語(yǔ)境。optional“可選擇的”；complete“完整的”。 22．A.skilful B．creative C．intelligent D．hardworking 解析：選C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Carol認(rèn)為這個(gè)測(cè)試是檢測(cè)她有多聰明的。intelligent“聰明的，有才智的”

25、，符合語(yǔ)境。skilful“有技巧的，熟練的”；creative“有創(chuàng)造力的”；hardworking“勤奮的”。 23．A.instructions B．ideas C．choices D．excuses 解析：選B　根據(jù)句中的“but”可知，媽媽有其他的想法(ideas)。instruction“指示”；choice“選擇”；excuse“借口”。 24．A.behavior B．capability C．reaction D．memory 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“The most important thing is your behavior.”可知，媽媽要測(cè)試的

26、是Carol的行為舉止(behavior)。capability“能力”；reaction“反應(yīng)”；memory“記憶力”。 25．A.in advance B．a(chǎn)t ease C．with curiosity D．a(chǎn)s usual 解析：選D　第二天早晨，Carol像往常一樣去上學(xué)了。as usual“像往常一樣”，符合語(yǔ)境。in advance“提前”；at ease“舒適地”；with curiosity“好奇地”。 26．A.anxious B．ready C．unwilling D．unable 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“staying in bed”可知，媽媽告

27、訴Carol她不能(unable)帶她去上舞蹈課了，因?yàn)樗眢w狀況不好。anxious“渴望的，急切的”；ready“準(zhǔn)備好的”；unwilling“不愿意的”。 27．A.condition B．company C．moods D．spirits 解析：選A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。condition“狀態(tài)，健康狀況”，符合語(yǔ)境。company“陪伴”；mood“心情”；spirit“情緒，精神”。 28．A.organize B．finish C．weigh D．explain 解析：選B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)Carol聽(tīng)到媽媽不能帶她去上舞蹈課時(shí)，她等不及媽媽把話說(shuō)完就嚷嚷起來(lái)。f

28、inish“完成，(使)結(jié)束”，符合語(yǔ)境。organize“組織”；weigh“權(quán)衡，斟酌”；explain“解釋”。 29．A.miss B．seize C．welcome D．expect 解析：選A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在Carol看來(lái)，她不能錯(cuò)過(guò)(miss)這個(gè)千載難逢的機(jī)會(huì)。seize“抓住”；welcome“歡迎”；expect“期待”。 30．A.alternative B．solution C．a(chǎn)dmission D．objection 解析：選B　媽媽來(lái)到Carol的房間告訴Carol說(shuō)她找到了解決她的問(wèn)題的方法了。solution“解決方法”，符合語(yǔ)境。alt

29、ernative“可供選擇的事物”；admission“承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)”；objection“反對(duì)的理由”。 31．A.argued B．replied C．requested D．questioned 解析：選D　根據(jù)空前的“Really ...what about the test？”可知，Carol是在發(fā)問(wèn)。question“詢(xún)問(wèn)，盤(pán)問(wèn)，審問(wèn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。argue“爭(zhēng)論”；reply“答復(fù)”；request“要求”。 32．A.matter B．benefit C．a(chǎn)ccumulate D．deserve 解析：選A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，媽媽告訴Carol她對(duì)朋友的關(guān)心和態(tài)度

30、比她(所學(xué)到)的知識(shí)更重要。matter“事關(guān)緊要，要緊，有重大影響”，符合語(yǔ)境。benefit“得益，有益于”；accumulate“積累，積聚”；deserve“值得”。 33．A.suddenly B．casually C．obviously D．naturally 解析：選A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，賽跑時(shí)女孩的摔倒應(yīng)是突然發(fā)生的事，故用suddenly“突然地”。casually“隨意地”；obviously“明顯地”；naturally“自然而然地”。 34．A.motivate B．refresh C．support D．treat 解析：選C　女孩在比賽中摔倒了，但是

31、沒(méi)有人停下來(lái)幫助她。support“幫助，援助”，符合語(yǔ)境。motivate“成為……的動(dòng)機(jī)，激勵(lì)”；refresh“使恢復(fù)精力，使某人想起”；treat“治療”。 35．A.award B．praise C．gift D．encouragement 解析：選C　在Carol生日那天，媽媽給了Carol一份最特殊的禮物(gift)，即“朋友”。award“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”；praise“贊揚(yáng)”；encouragement“鼓勵(lì)”。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A When the n

32、atural climate changes due to global warming, it can surely affect seals.The majority of them live in the Antarctic region, so as the ice is melting, their natural habitat can be seriously affected.These changes dont take place overnight.They can be the result of many years of additional temperature

33、s in the area.The seals then have to find ways to adapt. Seals depend on the cool air currents to bring plenty of food for them.When the temperatures get higher, there is less and less food and the seal population starts to shrink.Mothers arent healthy enough to feed their babies.Many of them end u

34、p abandoned as the mothers have to leave to find their own source of food. The fact that their desire to produce young can be changed by the warmer temperatures is frightening too.It is also believed that the warmer temperatures can allow different diseases and viruses to attack the seals.This is a

35、 huge concern as they can rapidly wipe out huge numbers of seals out there. However, these changes in climate and temperature arent all bad for other species of seals.Scientists have found that those living in warmer climates are producing more young due to the changes.Research also shows that the

36、females are moving further to find food and water.When they are out of the reach of the governing males, they are more willing to accept the moves of other males in the group. This is good news too because it means that there will be more selection in the gene pool (基因庫(kù)) for future generations.It c

37、an help the seals as a species adapt to change in their natural environment more easily. The climate change problem for seals is directly linked to humans.When we take action to change what we let out into the environment, we will make positive changes for the seals.However, it is going to take a v

38、ery long time to reverse (徹底改變) the effects of what has already been done. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章主要講述了全球氣候變暖給海豹帶來(lái)的正反兩個(gè)方面的影響。 36．What does the author regard climate changes for seals as? A．A doubleedged sword. B．An unavoidable disaster for existence. C．A mirror of evolution. D．A requirement for more choice in

39、 the gene pool. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。文章第一至三段介紹了氣候變暖對(duì)南極地區(qū)的海豹的負(fù)面影響，第四、五段介紹了氣候變暖對(duì)其他種類(lèi)的海豹的正面影響。由此可推知，在作者看來(lái)，對(duì)海豹來(lái)說(shuō)，氣候變暖既有利又有弊，是把雙刃劍。故選A。 37．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The Importance of Protecting Seals B．Seals Adaptation to Climate Change C．How Climate Change Affects Seals D

40、．Why Are Seals Becoming Less and Less 解析：選C　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了全球氣候變暖給海豹帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響和正面影響，因此C項(xiàng)“氣候變化如何影響海豹”作本文標(biāo)題最佳。 B We spend a lot of time on our mobile devices these days and automakers have taken note, rolling out connected cars that make it easy to do nearly everything from your phone. “We all

41、 enjoy those kinds of experiences where you want something and by the push of a button everything gets taken care of for you.You dont have to go here and there and piece a bunch of things together by yourself，”said Jim Buczkowski, director of Ford electronics systems.He recently introduced FordPass,

42、 a mobile platform that lets car owners access services like finding and paying for a parking spot.“Heres the detail of what charges will be, and then I submit, and then I receive a QR photo allowing my entry to that parking location，”said he. At Buick, the OnStar RemoteLink app connects owners to

43、their cars no matter how far away they are.“This car in Detroit, I could start from here in New York.Or let us say I have the only key to it and my wife in Detroit needs to get in the car, I can unlock it for her from here，”said Stuart Fowle, manager of Buick communications. The feature, in fact, h

44、arnesses the cars 4G LTE connectivity.Up to seven mobile devices can connect to it at any given time. “We want people to feel as if they were at home within the car, which a lot of people want to be in just for the driving experience, now they can be in there, and even the passengers can be in ther

45、e as well for the connectivity experience，”explained Rob Peterson, marketing manager for Buick crossovers. But what does that connectivity mean for your privacy? It is important to have personal information to create that individualized, personalized experience, but certainly it will be a consumers

46、 option.For certain consumers, it may not even be an issue.There certainly is a factor where a younger consumer is much more comfortable giving up a lot more privacy and data than an older consumer is, and more likely than not, you are going to see a behavior similar to how they handle their persona

47、l privacy within the vehicle. Considering how capable our mobile devices have become, perhaps the only question left to answer is: “Whos driving？” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：由于移動(dòng)設(shè)備的廣泛應(yīng)用，汽車(chē)制造商推出了車(chē)載移動(dòng)設(shè)備。這使汽車(chē)所有者通過(guò)手機(jī)上的應(yīng)用程序就可與汽車(chē)本身取得聯(lián)系。 38．What do Jims words intend to prove? A．The popularity of FordPass. B．The advanced te

48、chnology FordPass adopts. C．The convenience of FordPass. D．The huge economic benefits FordPass creates. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“We all enjoy those kinds of experiences ...You dont have to go here and there and piece a bunch of things together by yourself”可知，Jim Buczkowski敘述了人們的客觀需求；再結(jié)合下文的“Heres the d

49、etail of what charges will be, and then I submit, and then I receive a QR photo allowing my entry to that parking location”可知，Jim Buczkowski繼而闡述了FordPass操作的細(xì)節(jié)，突出了其便利的特點(diǎn)。由此可推知，Jim Buczkowski所說(shuō)的話是為了表明FordPass的便利性。 39．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “harnesses” in P

50、aragraph 4? A．Employ. B．Control. C．Replace. D．Prevent. 解析：選A　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞下一句中的“Up to seven mobile devices can connect to it at any given time.”可推知，畫(huà)線詞所在句表示的是這一特點(diǎn)實(shí)際上利用了汽車(chē)的4G LTE連接功能。employ意為“運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用”，符合語(yǔ)境。 40．What can we infer about the connectivity from the last but one paragraph? A．Older driver

51、s commonly go against it. B．Drivers should attach value to their privacy. C．It has become very popular with young drivers. D．Users may risk letting out their privacy information. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“It is important to have personal information to create that individualized, personalized e

52、xperience, but certainly it will be a consumers option.”和“There certainly is a factor where a younger consumer is much more comfortable giving up a lot more privacy and data”可知，使用這項(xiàng)連接服務(wù)的時(shí)候，要想獲得特制的、個(gè)性化的體驗(yàn)，消費(fèi)者需要提供個(gè)人信息。由此可推知，使用這項(xiàng)連接服務(wù)時(shí)，消費(fèi)者有可能會(huì)泄露自己的私人信息。 C Everyone is familiar with white fat, which ser

53、ves as an energy warehouse.Many mammals also have brown fat, which has the unique ability to produce heat. Brown fat is sometimes mistaken for a type of gland(腺), which it resembles more than white fat.It varies in color from dark red to tan.When the animal is exposed to a cold environment, the col

54、or darkens.In contrast to white fat, brown fat has numerous nerves which provide sympathetic stimulation (刺激) to the fat cells. Brown fat is most noticeable in newborn animals, wrapped round the central organs to keep them warm.In human infants it occupies up to 5% of body weight, then declines gra

55、dually.Certain quantities of brown fat can be discovered in adult humans, especially when they are exposed to cold temperatures.Most of brown fat in adults is located in the lower neck. Exposure to cold leads to sympathetic stimulation of brown fat cell.As in white fat, sympathetic stimulation prom

56、otes hydrolysis (水解) of triglyceride (甘油三酸酯), with release of fatty acids.In contrast to other cells, including white fat cells, brown fat cells express UCP1, which gives the cells mitochondria (線粒體) an ability to produce heat rather than ATP.Within brown fat cells, most fatty acids are immediately

57、combined with oxygen in mitochondria and a large amount of heat is produced. There is only about 50g of brown fat in the neck region and it switches on and off throughout the day as its exposed to different temperatures or if you exercise or eat.But this capacity is much greater in young children c

58、ompared with adolescents and adults. The challenge is now to use the knowledge to find out what might switch on brown fat.If it is switched on, we can benefit from it.Brown fat produces lots of heat by burning calories.Unlike white fat, brown fat does not expand our ageing waistlines.And thats why

59、the race is on to find out more about brown fat, and how humans could use it to our advantage, though we would waste energy unnecessarily, and we would sweat a lot and forever be opening windows. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一種叫作“褐色脂肪”的組織在人身體的分布及對(duì)提供身體熱量所發(fā)揮的作用。 41．Which is the unique factor of brown fat produc

60、ing heat? A．Fatty acids. B．Triglyceride. C．UCP1. D．ATP. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句“In contrast to other cells, including white fat cells, brown fat cells express UCP1, which gives the cells mitochondria(線粒體) an ability to produce heat rather than ATP.”可知。 42．We can learn from the passage that brow

61、n fat ________. A．becomes less in amount with age B．proves less active in low temperatures C．exists nowhere but in the lower neck D．has nothing in common with white fat 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句“In human infants it occupies up to 5% of body weight, then declines gradually.”可知。 43．The underlined

62、word “infants” in Paragraph 3 means “________”． A．cells B．organs C．bodies D．babies 解析：選D　詞義猜測(cè)題。 對(duì)照一下“in human infants”和下一句中的“in adult humans”便可推知infant指人(嬰兒)。 44．We take special interest in brown fat mainly because it helps us ________. A．save energy B．develop power C．keep warm D．keep our

63、figure 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第三、四句“Brown fat produces lots of heat by burning calories.Unlike white fat, brown fat does not expand our ageing waistlines.”可知。 D We have all heard the expression: “Remember to stop and smell the roses.” But, how often do we really take time out of our hectic fastpaced

64、 lives to notice the world around us? I am as guilty as anyone of tuning out the world in this manner, especially when I am driving on Californias overcrowded streets.A short time ago, however, I witnessed an event that showed me how being wrapped up in my own little world has kept me from being fu

65、lly aware of the bigger world picture around me. I was driving to a business appointment and, as usual, I was planning in my mind what I was going to say.I came to a very busy crossroads where the stoplight had just turned red.“All right，” I thought to myself, “I can beat the next light if I race a

66、head of the pack.” My mind and car were in auto pilot, ready to go when suddenly my trance was broken by an unforgettable sight.A young couple, both blind, were walking arminarm across this busy crossroads with cars whizzing by in every direction.The man was holding the hand of a little boy, while the woman was clutching a baby sling to her chest, obviously carrying a child.Each of them had a white cane extended, searching for clues to navigate them across