(江蘇專(zhuān)用)2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(一)單詞詞義辨析
《(江蘇專(zhuān)用)2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(一)單詞詞義辨析》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《(江蘇專(zhuān)用)2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(一)單詞詞義辨析(9頁(yè)珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、專(zhuān)題限時(shí)檢測(cè)(一) 單詞詞義辨析 (共3組,限時(shí)20分鐘) 1.(2019南京、鹽城一模)Last December China ________ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the countrys reform and openingup. A.distinguished B.sponsored C.a(chǎn)cknowledged D.evaluated 解析:選C 句意:去年12月,中國(guó)表彰了對(duì)國(guó)家改革開(kāi)放做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的100名中國(guó)人和10名外國(guó)人。ackno
2、wledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth.) 為(某事物)表示感謝”,符合語(yǔ)境。 distinguish“區(qū)別,辨別”;sponsor“贊助”;evaluate “評(píng)估”。 2.(2019南京、鹽城一模)Computercontrolled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done________. A.a(chǎn)rtificially B.manually C.comprehensively D.gradually 解析:選B 句意:計(jì)算機(jī)控制的機(jī)器人接管了許
3、多行業(yè)中的工作,而這些工作過(guò)去都是手工完成的。artificially“人造地,不自然地”;manually“手工地”;comprehensively“全面地”; gradually“漸漸地”。根據(jù)句意,選B。 3.(2019鎮(zhèn)江一模)The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners. A.ignore B.identify C.a(chǎn)pplaud D.satisfy 解析:選A 句意:餐館的女服務(wù)員通常很
4、體貼,但在這個(gè)場(chǎng)合,她似乎忽視了用餐者。ignore“忽視”,符合句意。identify“確定,識(shí)別”;applaud“夸贊,鼓掌”;satisfy“滿(mǎn)足”。 4.(2019鎮(zhèn)江一模)I wish you wouldnt be so________; you make faces at everything I say. A.weird B.polite C.reluctant D.serious 解析:選A 句意:我希望我沒(méi)有這么奇怪,你對(duì)我說(shuō)的所有事都擠眉弄眼。weird“不可思議的,怪誕的”,符合句意。polite“禮貌的”;reluctant“不情愿,嚴(yán)肅”;serious
5、“嚴(yán)肅的”。 5.(2019蘇州一模)The year 2018 is a special one in that it ________ the 40th anniversary of the launch of Chinas reform and openingup policy. A.signals B.a(chǎn)dvocates C.a(chǎn)nticipates D.marks 解析:選D 句意:2018年是一個(gè)特殊的年份,因?yàn)樗鼧?biāo)志著中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放40周年。in that相當(dāng)于because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。mark“標(biāo)志”,符合語(yǔ)境。signal“向……發(fā)信號(hào)”;advocate“提倡
6、”;anticipate“預(yù)見(jiàn),預(yù)料”。 6.(2019常州一模)Studies suggest that babies learn to ________ voices before birth.They can recognize their mothers voice among a group of women. A.suspect B.compromise C.discriminate D.inspect 解析:選C 句意:研究表明嬰兒在出生前便學(xué)會(huì)分辨聲音。他們可以在一群女人當(dāng)中分辨出母親的聲音。discriminate “歧視;區(qū)別;辨出”,符合語(yǔ)境。suspect“
7、懷疑”;compromise “妥協(xié),傷害”; inspect“檢查,視察”。 7.(2019常州一模)—Why not turn to Kevin? He saw what happened, so his is the only ________ account. —The problem is that he has refused to say anything about the accident. A.tentative B.controversial C.a(chǎn)uthentic D.a(chǎn)rbitrary 解析:選C 句意:“為什么不求助于Kevin?他目擊了事件的發(fā)生,因
8、此他所說(shuō)的話是唯一真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確的敘述。”“問(wèn)題是他已拒絕對(duì)此事件說(shuō)點(diǎn)什么。”authentic “真實(shí)的,準(zhǔn)確的”,符合語(yǔ)境。tentative“試探性的”;controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的”;arbitrary“隨意的,任性的”。 8.(2019常州一模)Though scientists get closer to understanding why we age, the reason for different aging rates among individuals remains only ________ understood. A.concretely B.thorou
9、ghly C.vaguely D.flexibly 解析:選C 句意:雖然科學(xué)家們?cè)絹?lái)越了解我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)變老,但對(duì)于個(gè)體間不同的衰老率的原因仍然理解得比較模糊。vaguely“模糊地”,符合語(yǔ)境。concretely“具體地”; thoroughly“徹底地”; flexibly“靈活地”。 9.(2019徐州、淮安、連云港一模)Being an experienced lecturer, Mr.Black ________ his speech to suit a younger audience. A.simplified B.a(chǎn)ddressed C.exchanged D
10、.delivered 解析:選A 句意:作為一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的演講者,布萊克先生簡(jiǎn)化他的演講來(lái)適應(yīng)年輕的觀眾。simplify“簡(jiǎn)化”,符合語(yǔ)境。address“稱(chēng)呼,演說(shuō)”;exchange“交換”; deliver“傳送;投遞”。 10.(2019徐州、淮安、連云港一模)The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.” A.slip B.slide C.seal D.
11、spit 解析:選A 句意:觀眾因主持人失言而大笑,主持人說(shuō):“女士們,晚上好,先生們。”the slip of tongue “口誤”,固定搭配。 11.(2019泰州一模)The autobiography Becoming by Michelle Obama, ________ about her life in the White House, sold well once on the market. A.definitely B.essentially C.initially D.a(chǎn)ccurately 解析:選B 句意:米歇爾奧巴馬(Michelle Obama)寫(xiě)的
12、《成為》這本自傳,基本上是關(guān)于她在白宮的生活,一經(jīng)上市,就很暢銷(xiāo)。essentially“基本上,根本上”,符合語(yǔ)境。definitely“明確地;確切地”;initially“最初;開(kāi)始”;accurately“精確地,如實(shí)”。 12.(2019泰州一模)Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which ________ me well. A.serves B.suits C.favors D.motivates 解析:選A 句意:每當(dāng)我感到孤獨(dú)或沮喪時(shí),我總是做些閱讀,這對(duì)我很有幫助。此處serve
13、意思為“對(duì)……有用”。 13.(2019揚(yáng)州一模)You had better stay in China for further education.Some top American universities are accused of ________ AsianAmerican applicants using race as a factor. A.welcoming B.employing C.denying D.restoring 解析:選C 句意:你最好留在中國(guó)繼續(xù)深造。一些美國(guó)頂尖大學(xué)被指控以種族為因素拒絕亞裔申請(qǐng)人。deny “拒絕”,符合語(yǔ)境。welcome
14、“歡迎”;employ“雇傭”; restore“恢復(fù)”。 14.(2019揚(yáng)州一模)Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population ________ and the earths natural resources decrease. A.selects B.declines C.swells D.varies 解析:選C 句意:隨著全球人口的膨脹和地球自然資源的減少,我們中的許多人對(duì)后代面臨的挑戰(zhàn)感到擔(dān)憂。swell“腫脹,膨脹”,符
15、合語(yǔ)境。select“選擇,挑選”; decline“下降,婉拒”; vary“不同”。 15.(2019南通一模)Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been ________ to its original appearance. A.restored B.delivered C.transferred D.drafted 解析:選A 句意:由于在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的努力,這片濕地已經(jīng)恢復(fù)原樣了。restore“恢復(fù)”;deliver“交付”;transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”;draft“征募;
16、擬稿”。 1.(2019南京、鹽城二模)Molly finally agreed, ________ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor. A.a(chǎn)fterwards B.a(chǎn)lmost C.otherwise D.somewhat 解析:選D 句意:Molly最后同意去看醫(yī)生,盡管有點(diǎn)不情愿。somewhat “有點(diǎn)”,符合句意。 2.(2019南京、鹽城二模)The conditions in the local school were fairly ________, no electricity and no basic teachi
17、ng facilities available. A.unique B.typical C.primitive D.stable 解析:選C 句意:這個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的條件是相當(dāng)?shù)脑?,沒(méi)有電也沒(méi)有可用的基礎(chǔ)教育設(shè)施。primitive“原始的,簡(jiǎn)單的”,符合句意。unique “獨(dú)特的”;typical “典型的”;stable“穩(wěn)定的”。 3.(2019通、泰、揚(yáng)、徐、淮、宿二模)To better our cultural moral character, we students might as well increase our ________ for reading.
18、A.qualification B.tendency C.a(chǎn)ppetite D.a(chǎn)pplication 解析:選C 句意:為了提高我們的文化品格,我們學(xué)生不妨增加對(duì)閱讀的興趣。appetite有“食欲;愛(ài)好”等含義,此處意思是“愛(ài)好”。qualification“資格”;tendency“趨勢(shì),傾向”;application“申請(qǐng)”。 4.(2019南通七市二模)Thanks to Chinese peoples hard work and wisdom, China has ________ into the second largest economy. A.evolved
19、B.slipped C.extended D.shaped 解析:選A 句意:多虧了中國(guó)人民的勤勞奮斗和聰慧才智,中國(guó)發(fā)展成為了第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。evolve“逐步發(fā)展,逐漸演變”,符合語(yǔ)境。slip“滑倒,滑落”;extend“延伸”;shape“使成為……形狀”。 5.(2019蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)二模)Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing ________the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. A.breaks
20、 B.blocks C.bonds D.beats 解析:選D 句意:跑步通常很累,也很辛苦,但沒(méi)有什么能比你在賽道上完成一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的鍛煉后所獲得的感覺(jué)更好。beat“擊敗”,符合語(yǔ)境。 6.(2019南京三模)The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another ________ to the colors in the harvest season. A.theme B.version C.category D.dimension 解析:選D 句意:秋天的楓樹(shù)變成了鮮艷的紅色,在豐收季節(jié)給色彩增添了
21、另一個(gè)維度。 7.(2019南京三模)—Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again! —________, she cant find her keys. A.Typically B.Occasionally C.Accordingly D.Particularly 解析:選A 句意:“看,瑪麗又在發(fā)瘋似的找東西!”“通常,她找不到鑰匙。”Typically“通常; 一般; 典型地”,符合語(yǔ)境。Occasionally“偶爾地”;Accordingly“相應(yīng)地”;Particularly“特別地”。 8.(2019南京三模
22、)Wild animals in nature reserves need to develop their survival skills and ________ their wild nature. A.display B.possess C.maintain D.monitor 解析:選C 句意:自然保護(hù)區(qū)的野生動(dòng)物需要發(fā)展它們的生存技能并保持它們的野生性質(zhì)。maintain “保留,保持”,符合語(yǔ)境。display“展示”; possess“擁有”;monitor“監(jiān)視;檢查”。 9.(2019揚(yáng)、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、連三模)The businessman studied
23、 the market in his hometown to find the ________ for investment. A.potential B.reservation C.criterion D.a(chǎn)llowance 解析:選A 句意:這位商人研究了家鄉(xiāng)的市場(chǎng),尋找投資潛力。potential“潛力”,符合句意。reservation“保留”;criterion“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”;allowance“津貼”。 10.(2019揚(yáng)、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、連三模)As visitors from a different culture, the least we can do is b
24、e ________ to the people in their own land. A.distant B.civil C.a(chǎn)llergic D.cruel 解析:選B 句意:作為來(lái)自不同文化的游客,我們至少能做到對(duì)本國(guó)人民有禮貌。civil 經(jīng)常用來(lái)表示“國(guó)家的,民事的”的意思。但是在本句中意思是“文明的,有禮貌的”。distant “遙遠(yuǎn)的;疏遠(yuǎn)的”;allergic“過(guò)敏的”;cruel“殘忍的”。 11.(2019南京、鹽城一模)Many people tend to assume that ________ just means creating something
25、new, but actually its more than that — its an attitude of doing things. A.imitation B.imagination C.innovation D.inspiration 解析:選C 句意:許多人往往會(huì)認(rèn)為創(chuàng)新僅僅意味著創(chuàng)造一些新的東西,但是事實(shí)上它遠(yuǎn)不止于此,它(還)是一種做事的態(tài)度。innovation“創(chuàng)新,改革”,符合語(yǔ)境。imitation“模仿,效仿”;imagination“想象,想象力”;inspiration“靈感,妙計(jì)”。 12.(2019鹽城三模)His children were
26、his pride, and being a devoted father became a top ________ in his life. A.capacity B.a(chǎn)nxiety C.priority D.opportunity 解析:選C 句意:他的孩子是他的驕傲,成為一個(gè)忠誠(chéng)的父親成為了他生命中的頭等大事。a top priority“頭等大事、當(dāng)務(wù)之急、最優(yōu)先考慮的事情”。capacity“能力”; anxiety“焦慮”;opportunity“機(jī)會(huì)”。 13.(2019鹽城三模)This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious
27、due to ________ amount of melted pure fresh cream. A.equal B.generous C.insufficient D.tiny 解析:選B 句意:由于大量融化的純新鮮奶油,這種生巧克力嘗起來(lái)相當(dāng)美味。generous 此處意思是“大量的”。equal“平等的”;insufficient“不充分的”;tiny “微量的”。 14.(2019鹽城三模)When the organization ________ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bank and mo
28、re than$1 million of debt. A.folded B.boomed C.registered D.sprang 解析:選A 句意:當(dāng)該組織于2019年3月倒閉時(shí),銀行里幾乎沒(méi)有任何錢(qián),債務(wù)超過(guò)100萬(wàn)美元。fold常用來(lái)表示“折疊”的意思。此句中意思為“倒閉”。boom“繁榮”; register“登記;注冊(cè)”;spring“跳躍、反彈”。 15.(2019南京三模)Id never wondered before whether or not he was kidfriendly.With one glance, I quickly ________ tha
29、t he probably wasnt. A.a(chǎn)greed B.reported C.explained D.decided 解析:選D 句意:我以前從未想過(guò)他是否對(duì)孩子友好這個(gè)問(wèn)題。但是我看了一眼,很快就斷定他可能不是。decide“決定,斷定”,符合語(yǔ)境。 1.A biblical idiom is often an expression that ________ the moral of a story and gives the audience a picture to help them understand the story better. A.compe
30、nsates B.underlines C.a(chǎn)ccomplishes D.substitutes 解析:選B 句意:圣經(jīng)中的習(xí)語(yǔ)通常是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)故事寓意的表達(dá)方式,并呈現(xiàn)給觀眾一幅畫(huà),幫助他們更好地理解故事。underline有“下劃線,強(qiáng)調(diào)”等含義,此處意思是“強(qiáng)調(diào)”。compensate“補(bǔ)償”;accomplish“完成”;substitute“替代”。 2.Encourage your child to reach a(n) ________ between what he wants and what you want since its hard to please bot
31、h. A.a(chǎn)ssessment B.destination C.compromise D.conclusion 解析:選C 句意:既然眾口難調(diào),那么鼓勵(lì)你的孩子在他想要的和你想要的之間達(dá)成妥協(xié)。compromise有“妥協(xié);傷害”等含義,此處意思是“妥協(xié)”。assessment“評(píng)估”;destination“目的地”;conclusion“結(jié)論”。 3.Sue was greatly inspired though she made ________ improvements in her English writing. A.modest B.brilliant C.
32、tremendous D.considerable 解析:選A 句意:盡管Sue在她的英語(yǔ)書(shū)寫(xiě)上只取得了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)進(jìn)步,但她仍然備受鼓舞。modest一般意思是“謙虛的”,此處意思是“微小的,不太大的”。 brilliant“聰明的”;tremendous“巨大的”;considerable“可觀的;相當(dāng)?shù)摹薄? 4.Our dream is to ________ a World Cup that makes you, your grandchildren and everyone in football really proud. A.stage B.chair C.found D
33、.watch 解析:選A 句意:我們的夢(mèng)想是舉辦一屆能夠使你、你的孫輩以及每一個(gè)踢足球的人真正感到驕傲的世界杯。stage一般用作名詞,意思是“舞臺(tái)”,此處用作動(dòng)詞,意思是“上演,舉辦,籌劃”。chair“主持(會(huì)議等)”;found“創(chuàng)立”;watch“觀看”。 5.Alipay, which currently has over 520 million users, is a powerful ________ of payment tools, financial services and marketing platforms. A.combination B.identif
34、ication C.reservation D.a(chǎn)ccommodation 解析:選A 句意:支付寶,目前擁有超過(guò)5億2 000萬(wàn)用戶(hù),是支付工具、金融服務(wù)和營(yíng)銷(xiāo)平臺(tái)的強(qiáng)大結(jié)合體。combination“結(jié)合,聯(lián)合體”,符合語(yǔ)境。 identification“認(rèn)同,鑒別”;reservation“預(yù)訂,保留”;accommodation“住宿,食宿”。 6.Although values may be ________, its helpful to share them with your partner for additional support. A.terminal B
35、.personal C.crucial D.practical 解析:選B 句意:盡管價(jià)值觀可能是非常私人的,但是和你的朋友分享價(jià)值觀來(lái)獲得額外支持是非常有用的。personal“個(gè)人的”,符合語(yǔ)境。terminal“末端的,末期的”;crucial“決定性的,關(guān)鍵性的”;practical“實(shí)際的”。 7.America has become known for its ________ of individualism, which has been a source of conflict with other cultures. A.push B.ban C.offen
36、ce D.control 解析:選A 句意:美國(guó)以推行個(gè)人主義而聞名,而個(gè)人主義則是與其他文化沖突的根源。push“推動(dòng),推行”,符合語(yǔ)境。ban“禁止”;offence“違反,冒犯”;control“控制”。 8.Over the last four decades, the Chinese people have ________ enhanced productivity through hard work with a firm spirit. A.roughly B.merely C.significantly D.equally 解析:選C 句意:在過(guò)去的四十年里,
37、中國(guó)人民通過(guò)堅(jiān)持不懈的努力,極大地提高了生產(chǎn)力。significantly“值得注目地;巨大地”,符合語(yǔ)境。roughly“艱難地”;merely“僅僅”;equally“平等地”。 9.In Beijing opera, performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the ________ and depths of the characters personalities. A.dimensions B.certificates C.occupations D.c
38、onsciences 解析:選A 句意:在京劇里,表演者們被要求在臉上畫(huà)上圖案并著色,以幫助展示人物個(gè)性的廣度和深度。根據(jù)句意及空后的“depths”可知,空處應(yīng)表示“廣度”,所以要選dimensions。certificate“證書(shū)”;occupation“職業(yè);占有”;conscience“道德心,良心”。 10.China has been working to ________ the legal landscape for autonomous vehicles, which are on a highway to commercial availability. A.clarify B.a(chǎn)ccelerate C.transmit D.preserve 解析:選A 句意:中國(guó)一直在努力地使自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)合法化,很快就會(huì)具有商業(yè)價(jià)值。clarify“澄清,說(shuō)清楚”,符合句意。accelerate“加快”;transmit“傳送,傳輸;發(fā)射”;preserve“保存,保護(hù)”。 9
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