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1、第六章 聽 力,要點點撥,一、聽力的重要性 英語的聽、說、讀、寫四種基本能力中,聽排在第一,聽是獲得語言信息的最主要的途徑,只有聽得正確,才能讀得流暢,說得流利,所以,英語聽力訓練是中小學英語學習的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。,二、聽力題的解題策略 1. 學會預測 預測是聽力理解過程中的重要一環(huán)。要求學生在做聽力題之前,根據(jù)圖片進行預測,根據(jù)所聽的主題句進行預測,根據(jù)談話人的身份、談話地點等進行預測,從而快速地排除一些錯誤選項或?qū)⒋鸢告i定在一定范圍內(nèi)。 2. 抓住要點 即在聽錄音的過程中,要注意抓住主要內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵詞眼,避開無關(guān)內(nèi)容,而集中注意力于一些特定的信息,諸如特定的人物、數(shù)字、顏色、時間、場合、事件
2、等,這樣才能快速有效地抓住問題的正確答案。,3. 認真答題 如果錄音材料播放兩遍的話,通常選擇聽第二遍時來答題。聽第一遍錄音時,要做的主要工作是聽清大意和抓住并記錄要點,如果第一遍沒聽清,可以在聽第二遍時全力以赴,集中精力捕捉相關(guān)信息,同時迅速答題。同時在整個錄音播放結(jié)束之后,不要急于做筆試部分的題目,而應該憑著剛剛聽到的所有信息的短暫記憶,對整個聽力部分進行一次全面的檢查,及時修正錯誤的答案。,三、聽力訓練中應注意的問題 聽力水平的提高是一個循序漸進、日積月累的過程,要靠平時堅持不斷地進行聽力訓練。在平時的聽力訓練中,要注意以下問題: 1. 強度的調(diào)控 聽力訓練是一種強化教學,在整個聽力過程
3、中,注意力和精神都處于高度緊張狀態(tài)。這種狀態(tài)如果持續(xù)太久,則會產(chǎn)生疲勞。因此必須控制時間,一般一次聽力的時間不超過15分鐘。,2材料的選擇 聽力材料的難易程度要適合學生的聽力水平,太容易,失去了訓練的意義;太難,聽不懂,就會失去信心和興趣。其次,聽力材料不宜太長,太長的容易分散注意力,欲速則不達。再次,要聽不同人士的朗讀材料,以便適應不同的英語口音。,考點精析,考點1 考查對詞匯讀音的辨別 【例1】聽錄音,選出你所聽到的單詞。 ()1. A. park B. dark ()2. A. ship B. sheep ()3. A. this B. these ()4. A. camp
4、 B. cap 聽力材料: 1. dark2. ship3. these4.camp,解析:本題考查學生對音近詞的辨別能力。學生在聽力錄音播放之前,必須要自己先將每組單詞默讀一遍,做到心里有數(shù)。在聽力的時候,一定要集中注意力,認真仔細地聽。 第1小題在于辨別 /p/ 和 /d/兩個音節(jié);第2小題要注意的是長短音/i/ 和/i/的區(qū)別;第3小題中要注意/is/ 和/iz/的區(qū)別;第4小題要注意有沒有聽到/m/這個音節(jié)。 這些都是比較細微的差別,要求學生在平時的學習中,對單詞的發(fā)音要盡可能地做到準確,這樣才能經(jīng)得起檢驗。 答案:1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A,【例2】聽錄音,
5、從你聽到的句子中選出你所聽到的單詞。 () 1. A. horseB. hospital C. house () 2. A. by B. buy C. bye 聽力材料:1. I live in a house near the park. 2. I want to buy something for my cousin. 解析:此類題給出的是3個形近、音近單詞,第2小題還是三個同音詞。解答此類題要求學生在讀完所有選項的單詞之后,將錄音中的句子的意思聽明白,這樣才能做出正確的選擇。 答案:1. C 2. B,考點2 考查單詞、語句或?qū)υ捄蛨D片的對應 【例3】聽
6、錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的內(nèi)容,選出正確的圖片。 ()1. How to get to the park? ()2. What class are they having?,聽力材料: 1. A: Excuse me! How can I get to the park from here? B: Turn left at the first traffic lights, and then go straight. You can see the park on your left. A: Thanks a lot. Question: How can the girl get to
7、the park? 2. Amy, come and writ down the word“school”! Question: What class are they having?,解析:這類圖片類聽力題,錄音可能是一組單詞、一個句子或一段對話。解此類題的關(guān)鍵是理解每一幅圖片的意思,然后與所聽到的信息相匹配,即可得出正確答案。在第1小題中,最關(guān)鍵的錄音信息是B 說的 “Turn left at ”,于是可以果斷地選出A圖;第2小題只要看明白了圖片,再結(jié)合句子意思,就很好做選擇了。 答案: 1. A 2. B,考點3 考查問答句的對應 【例4】聽錄音,根據(jù)問句選出正確的答句。 (
8、)1. A. At 7:00 a.m. B. At 6:30 p.m. ()2. A. He was in Class 5. B. She was in Class 2. 聽力材料: 1. When do you eat dinner at the weekend? 2. Which class was Mike in?,解析: 此類題考查的是學生對所學的重點句型的掌握情況,同時,還要注意細節(jié),如在第2小題中,題面上除了Class 2 和Class 5 的不同之外,還有主語He 和She的不同,而聽力對人稱的考查是從來沒有停止過,Mike 是男生,所以用的代詞是He。 答
9、案:1. B 2. A,考點4 考查對短文的理解 【例5】聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)。 ( )1. Jack lives in a village. ( )2. Jack lives in Guangzhou with his parents. ( )3. It was not a fine day last Sunday. ( )4. Jack watched TV and drank tea with his grandparents. ( )5. Jack is a helpful boy.,聽力材料: Jack
10、is a 12-year-old boy. He lives with his grandpa and grandma in a small village. His parents are in Guangzhou. They work there. Jack is very helpful. Last Sunday, the weather was fine. Jack and his grandparents were drinking tea at home. Suddenly, a little boy cried outside. His kite was in the tree.
11、 Jack went out and helped the boy. The little boy was happy and he laughed.,解析:此類短文類聽力題的難度較大,考查學生對語段的整體把握的同時,還要求學生注意其中的細節(jié)。如在本題中,聽力材料給出的是“He lives with his grandpa and grandma in a small village.”需要判斷的句子是1. Jack lives in a village. 2. Jack lives (in Guangzhou)with his parents. 而其后還有一句是“His parents ar
12、e in Guangzhou?!?如果不能把握全局的話,很容易被誤導。 第3小題,短文中的句子是“the weather was fine?!?而判斷的句子“It was not a fine day last Sunday?!?not 一詞總是最容易被疏漏的,所以,在聽錄音之前的讀題,就顯得尤為重要了。必要的時候,可以將題目句子中的關(guān)鍵詞畫出來,然后在聽的時候,側(cè)重地去聽這些關(guān)鍵信息,判斷錄音與題目信息是否相匹配,從而降低做題的難度和錯誤率。 答案:1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T,過關(guān)檢測,一、聽錄音,選出你所聽到的單詞。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. noon
13、 B. soon C. moon ( )2. A. luck B. lucky C. like ( )3. A. hobby B. coffee C. copy ( )4. A. other B. another C. others ( )5. A. winner B. winter C. what ( )6. A. last B. lost C. fast ( )7. A. wash B. watch C. warm ( )8. A. place B. palace C. please ( )9. A. show B
14、. know C. snow ( )10. A. bring B. spring C. ring,B,B,B,B,B,C,B,A,A,A,二、聽錄音,從你聽到的句子中選出你所聽到的內(nèi)容。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. go to school B. go in spring C. go for a walk ( )2. A. start B. store C. stamp ( )3. A. How many B. How long C. How often ( )4. A. because B. before C. begin (
15、)5. A. boys B. doors C. toys ( )6. A. brush my teeth B. wash my hair C. buy some tea,A,A,C,B,C,A,( )7. A. 9:40 B. 9:50 C. 10:20 ( )8. A. begins in March and ends in August B. begins in April and ends in May C. begins in June and ends in September ( )9. A. June 2nd B.
16、 April 4th C. July 14th ( )10. A. on a home day B. on holiday C. how many days,A,B,C,B,三、聽錄音,用數(shù)字給下列圖片排序。(聽兩遍) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),4,6,5,3,2,9,1,10,7,8,四、聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的內(nèi)容,選出正確的圖片。(聽兩遍) ( )1. Which pencil is Mikes? A. B. ( )2. What a
17、re they talking about? A. B.,B,B,( )3. What are they going to play? A. B. ( )4. Where is the girl going? A. B. ( )5. How is Chen Jie going to the bookstore? A. B.,B,A,B,五、聽錄音,補全下列句子中所缺的單詞,每空一詞。(聽兩遍) 1. How _____ are you? Im 52 kg. Im _____ than you.
18、2. I stayed at home with your grandma. We _____ tea in the afternoon and ________ TV. 3. Did Wu Yifan _____ gifts in Beijing? Yes, he _____ many gifts for his friends. 4. Look at you. You are too _____ now. You should do more _________. 5. How can I get to Fuxing _____? You can take the No. _
19、____ bus.,heavy,thinner,drank,watched,buy,bought,weak,exercise,Road,45,六、聽錄音,根據(jù)問句選出正確的答句。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. Yes, we do. B. We want to go. C. Yes, we want. ( )2. A. Sorry, I dont know. B. Sorry, Im late. C. OK. Lets go. ( )3. A. At 9:00. B. It opens. C. Twenty-nine. ( )4. A. Yes
20、, they want. B. No, they didnt. C. No, they dont. ( )5. A. Not at all. B. Thank you. C. Youre welcome.,A,A,A,C,B,七、聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)。(聽兩遍) ( )1. There is a lake in Zhongshan Park. ( )2. There are some fish in the water. ( )3. There are no trees in the park. ( )4. There are many small houses beside the mountain. ( )5. I often do exercise in the park.,F,F,F,F,T,