湖北省麻城市集美學(xué)校七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) 名詞性從句素材 人教新目標(biāo)版

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1、此資料由網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集而來(lái)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)告知上傳者立即刪除。資料共分享，我們負(fù)責(zé)傳遞知識(shí)。 湖北省麻城市集美學(xué)校七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) 名詞性從句素材 人教新目標(biāo)版 在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses）。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組， 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類(lèi)： 連詞（5個(gè)）：that （賓語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句中"that"有時(shí)可以省略） whether,if （均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性） a

2、s if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分 連接代詞（9個(gè)）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 連接副詞（7個(gè)）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 不可省略的連詞： 1. 介詞后的連詞。 2. 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that

3、our team had won. 3. 在從句中做成分的連詞. whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下，只可用whether： 1. whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在句首。 eg:whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic. 2. 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her. 3. whether從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)。 eg:I am thinking about whether I shoul

4、d quit my present job. 4.if與whether都可以與or not 連用，但后面緊跟or not 時(shí)只能用whether。 we didn't know whether or not she was ready.（此時(shí)只能用whether） I wonder whether/if the news is true or not.（此時(shí)則二者都可以用） 5. 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。 Whether he will come is not clear. 大部分連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句都可以置于句末，用 it充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)。 It is not important who w

5、ill go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 6.引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句 編輯本段分類(lèi)主語(yǔ)從句 作句子主語(yǔ)的從句叫主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句通常由下列詞引導(dǎo)： 1）從屬連詞that，whether,if等； 2）連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever，whom 等； 3) 連接副詞how，when，where，why 等。 that在句中無(wú)詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問(wèn)含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。注：whom、who指人，what指物，wh

6、atever，whoever表示泛指意義。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我們說(shuō)什么，還不清楚。 Who will win the match is still unknown. 誰(shuí)能贏得這場(chǎng)比賽還不得而知。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)將在哪里舉行，還沒(méi)有宣布。 有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形

7、式主語(yǔ)it代替主語(yǔ)從句作形式主語(yǔ)放于句首，而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句末。主語(yǔ)從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下： （1）It be+ 名詞 + that從句 It's a great pity（that）they didn't get married. 他們沒(méi)能結(jié)婚，真是令人惋惜。 It 's a good thing（that）you were insured. 你保了險(xiǎn)，這可是件好事。 （2）It be + 形容詞 + that從句 It's splendid that you passed your exam. 你通過(guò)考試了，真棒。 It's strange that

8、 there are no lights on. 真奇怪，沒(méi)有一盞燈是開(kāi)著的。 （3）It be + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+ 主語(yǔ)從句 I am delighted that you passed your exam. 你通過(guò)考試了，我很高興。 I'm afraid that I can't come till next week. 恐怕我下星期才能來(lái)。 （4）It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that 從句[1] 另注意在主語(yǔ)從句中用來(lái)表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (import

9、ant, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 眾所周知的幾種表達(dá)方式 （1）It is known to us that. （2）As is known to us. （3）what is known to us is that. it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其它部分。 eg:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday everni

10、ng. 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday everning. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：It was the experiment my father did in the lab yesterday everning. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間：It was yesterday everning that my father did the experiment in the lab.(注意不用when) 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment

11、yesterday everning. 賓語(yǔ)從句 名詞從句用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。 1. 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如果從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。 He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are go

12、od in everything while others are good in nothing. 我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。 注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語(yǔ)從句常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。 The commander ordered that troops (should) set of

13、f at once. 司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。 2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，應(yīng)注意句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。 I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。 She will give whoever needs help a warm su

14、pport. 凡需要幫助的人，她都會(huì)給予熱情的支持。 3.可運(yùn)用it做形式賓語(yǔ)。 ①.動(dòng)詞make, find ,think,feel,consider,believe等后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，則需要用it做形式賓語(yǔ)，而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置，結(jié)構(gòu)：S.+vt+it+adj./n.+oc(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認(rèn)為每天多喝開(kāi)水是有必要的。 I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我沒(méi)去聚餐，

15、感覺(jué)非常遺憾。 ②.有些動(dòng)詞帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需要在賓語(yǔ)與從句前加it，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞主要是：hate,take,owe,have,see to I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿(mǎn)嘴食物時(shí)說(shuō)話。 We take it that you will agree with us.我們認(rèn)為你會(huì)同意我們的。 He will have it that our plan is really pratical.他認(rèn)為我們的計(jì)劃確實(shí)可行。 4.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，其主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語(yǔ)序。此外，

16、whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if： ①whether引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)； Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒(méi)有生命是個(gè)有趣的問(wèn)題。 Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加派對(duì)得看交通情況。②賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用whether； Whether this is true or not, I really don't

17、 know.這是會(huì)否真實(shí)，我也不知道。 ③引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，只能用whether； The questin is whether we can get in touch with her.問(wèn)題是我們是否能聯(lián)系上她。 ④引導(dǎo)介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用whether； His father is worried about whether he lose his work.他的父親擔(dān)心他是否會(huì)失去工作。 I'm thinking about whether I should quit my present job.我正在考慮我是否應(yīng)該辭去現(xiàn)在的工作。 Everything depends on w

18、hether we have enough money.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢(qián)。 ⑤if與whether都可以與or not連用，但后面僅跟著or not時(shí)只能用whether； We didn't know whether or not she was ready.（此時(shí)只能用whether） I wonder whether/if the news is true or not.（此時(shí)則二者都可以用） ⑥后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，用whether； Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告訴我是去還是留？ I can't deci

19、de whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。 ⑦用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，只用whether； Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請(qǐng)告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義. ⑧whether可引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，if不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我們是否請(qǐng)專(zhuān)家由家庭醫(yī)生來(lái)定。 5. 注意賓語(yǔ)

20、從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時(shí)態(tài)。 I know (that) he studies English every day. （從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） I know (that) he studied English last term. （從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)） I know (that) he will study English next year. （從句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)） I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. （從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)） 當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），

21、從句則要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America． All of us know that the moon moves round the earth. 6. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等動(dòng)詞引起的否定性賓語(yǔ)從句中，要把上述主句中的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中? We don’t think you are here. 我們認(rèn)為你不在這。

22、 I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不會(huì)這樣做。 表語(yǔ)從句 在復(fù)合句中，位于系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)的從句叫表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語(yǔ)從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后，有時(shí)用as if引導(dǎo)。 其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+ 聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞+ that從句 1.that 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)詞義，只起連接作用，不可省。 2.聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞可為be,look,seem,sound,appear等。 3.主語(yǔ)可為名詞fact,truth,cause,question,explanation,trouble,assumption,belief等，代詞this,t

23、hat,these,it等。 The fact is that we have lost the game. 事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場(chǎng)比賽。 That’s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。 This is where our problem lies. 這就是我們的問(wèn)題所在。 That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他為什么不到會(huì)的原因。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。 Raw material is what we are badly in need

24、of.原材料是我們所急需的。 China is not what it used to be.中國(guó)已不是過(guò)去的中國(guó)了。 【注意】 1.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是reason時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning. 2.whether 可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 3.That is why …譯為“這就是……的原因/因此”。 其中why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中做表語(yǔ)，該句型通常用于針對(duì)前面已經(jīng)

25、說(shuō)過(guò)的原因進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 That is why you see this woman before you know.這就是現(xiàn)在這位女士出現(xiàn)在你面前的原因。 That is why I came.這就是我來(lái)的原因。 區(qū)別：①That is why ……與That is the reason why …同義，只不過(guò)從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上講，前者中的why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，后者中的why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 That is (the reason ) why I cannot agree.這就是我不能同意的理由。 ②That is because …句型中從屬連詞because引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在此做表語(yǔ)，意為

26、“這就是為什么……/因?yàn)椤薄? That is because …指原因或理由。 That is why … 指由于各種原因所造成的后果。 He didn not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨晚他沒(méi)有去看電影，那是因?yàn)樗脦椭魉拿妹米鲎鳂I(yè)。（第一句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果，第二句話說(shuō)明原因） He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看

27、過(guò)那部電影，因此他昨晚沒(méi)有去看。（第一句話說(shuō)明原因，第二句話說(shuō)明結(jié)果） 同位語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如： The news that we won the game is exciting.　我們贏得這場(chǎng)比賽的消息令人激動(dòng)。 I have no idea wh

28、en he will come back home. 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。 The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能瑪麗生病了。 同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略； that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。 試比較下面兩個(gè)例句: I had no idea that you were here．（that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，不能省略） Have you got the i

29、dea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略） 名詞性that-從句 （1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的從句叫做名詞性that-從句。That只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒(méi)有詞義。名詞性that-從句在句中能充當(dāng)主 語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和形容詞賓語(yǔ)，例如： 主語(yǔ)：That she is still alive is her luck.　她還活著全靠運(yùn)氣。 賓語(yǔ)：John said that he was leaving for London on Wedn

30、esday.　約翰說(shuō)他星期三要到倫敦去。 表語(yǔ)：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.　事實(shí)是近來(lái)誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。 同位語(yǔ)：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 近來(lái)誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他，這一事實(shí)令辦公室所有的人不安。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你對(duì)工作滿(mǎn)意我感到很高興。 2）That-從句作主語(yǔ)通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置

31、于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.　很清楚，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。 It's a pity that you should have to leave.　你非走不可真是件憾事。 用it作形式主語(yǔ)的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系： a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句 It is necessary that…　有必要…… It is important that…　重要的是…… It is obvious that…　很明顯…… b. It + be +

32、-ed 分詞+ that-從句 It is believed that…　人們相信…… It is known to all that…　眾所周知…… It has been decided that…　已決定…… c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句 It is common knowledge that…　……是常識(shí) It is a surprise that…　令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that…　事實(shí)是…… d. It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-從句 It appears that…　似乎…… It happens that…　碰巧……

33、 It occurred to me that…　我突然想起…… 名詞性wh-從句 1）由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語(yǔ)法功能除了和that-從句一樣外，還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)等，例如： 主語(yǔ)： How the book will sell depends on its author.　書(shū)銷(xiāo)售如何取決于作者本人。 直接賓語(yǔ)：In one's own

34、home one can do what one likes.　在自己家里可以隨心所欲。 間接賓語(yǔ)：The club will give whoever wins a prize.　 俱樂(lè)部將給得勝者設(shè)獎(jiǎng)。 表語(yǔ)： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.　我的問(wèn)題是誰(shuí)將接任該基金會(huì)主席職位。 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。 同位語(yǔ)：　I have no idea when he will return.

35、　 我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.　我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請(qǐng)。 介詞賓語(yǔ)：　That depends on where we shall go.　 那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸? 2）Wh-從句作主語(yǔ)也常用先行詞it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將wh-從句置于句末，例如： It is not yet decided who will do that job.　 還沒(méi)決定誰(shuí)做這項(xiàng)工作。 It remains unknown when they are going to get married.　

36、他們何時(shí)結(jié)婚依然不明。 if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句 1）yes-no型疑問(wèn)從句 從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，因此也分別被稱(chēng)為yes-no型疑問(wèn)句從句和選擇型疑問(wèn)從句，其功能和wh-從句的功能相同， 例如： 主語(yǔ)：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 這一計(jì)劃是否可行還有待證實(shí)。 賓語(yǔ)：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.　請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章寫(xiě)完。

37、 表語(yǔ)：The point is whether we should lend him the money.　問(wèn)題在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢(qián)給他。 同位語(yǔ)：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.　他們調(diào)查他是否值得信賴(lài)。 形容詞賓語(yǔ)： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.　她懷疑我們是否能夠前來(lái)。 介詞賓語(yǔ)： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illne

38、ss.　我擔(dān)心他是否能度過(guò)疾病的危險(xiǎn)期。 2）選擇性疑問(wèn)從句 選擇性疑問(wèn)從句由關(guān)聯(lián)詞if/whether…or或whether…or not構(gòu)成，例如： Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 請(qǐng)告訴我他們是瑞典人還是丹麥人。 I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜歡該計(jì)劃。 if和whether的區(qū)別： 1、 在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether 。如： 例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定

39、是否留下。 2、 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如： 例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。 3 、在介詞后，只能用whether。如： 例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會(huì)失去工作。 4、賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用whether 。如： Whether this is true or not, I really don’t know. 這是否真的，我真的不知

40、道。 （例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。－－此例為主語(yǔ)從句，有誤，感謝指出） 5、用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，只用whether。如： 例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ? 這句話有兩種意思：“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？”或“如果你知道答案，請(qǐng)告訴我，好嗎？”。如用whether可避免歧義。 否定轉(zhuǎn)移 1) 將think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, im

41、agine等動(dòng)詞后面賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。 I don't think I know you.　我想我并不認(rèn)識(shí)你。 I don' t believe he will come.　我相信他不回來(lái)。 注意：若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為hope,賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你沒(méi)有生病吧。 2) 將seem, appear 等后的從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到前面。 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看來(lái)他們不知道往哪去。 It doesn't ap

42、pear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看來(lái)我們明天不會(huì)碰上好天氣。 3) 有時(shí)將動(dòng)名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷?duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定。 I don't remember having ever seen such a man.　 我記得從未見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣一個(gè)人。 (not否定動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) having…) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在這里，人們不會(huì)想到在街上會(huì)碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主語(yǔ)

43、，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用否定形式。) 4) 有時(shí)狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句中否定可以轉(zhuǎn)移到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前。 The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.　(否定狀語(yǔ))　螞蟻不只是為自己采食。 He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because狀語(yǔ)) 他并不因亞里斯多德說(shuō)過(guò)如何如何，就輕信此事。 She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her

44、and was struck by her beauty.　(否定狀語(yǔ)many weeks)　她結(jié)婚還不到幾個(gè)星期，這個(gè)人的弟弟就看見(jiàn)她了，并對(duì)她的美貌著了迷。 編輯本段高考相關(guān)熱點(diǎn) 1. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It 答案D。當(dāng)名詞從句在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)置于句首，而將真正的主語(yǔ)從句放在句尾。此時(shí)it只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無(wú)實(shí)義。此句也可以改寫(xiě)為：

45、That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 2．A computer can only do ____ you have instructed it to do．（NMET2001） A．how B．a(chǎn)fter C．what D．when 答案C。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的空白處應(yīng)該填引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞，做主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語(yǔ)，因此，此處的連接詞應(yīng)該用what。 3. He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992） A.

46、did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 答案：D。賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，句子語(yǔ)序要用陳述語(yǔ)序。 4. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生） A. when B. how C. whether D. why 答案C。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù) doubt一詞可知，所懷疑的應(yīng)是是否能治好病，所以

47、要填whether。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。” 5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants. (NMET1997) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案B。根據(jù)句意“一般認(rèn)為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的?！笨梢钥闯龊竺娴膹木鋺?yīng)是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語(yǔ)，A. however 和D. whenever是不能作賓語(yǔ)的；排除A和D，whichever表示“無(wú)論哪一個(gè)，無(wú)論哪些”

48、，應(yīng)表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒(méi)有涉及事物的范圍，所以應(yīng)選 B．whatever，表示“無(wú)論什么”。 6. ______leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. (MET1988) A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 答案C。本題句子的意思是：無(wú)論誰(shuí)最后離開(kāi)房間一定要把燈關(guān)掉。本題考查連接代詞whoever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，連接代詞whoever可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于any person who或The person who, 意為“一切……的人”。而any

49、one和the person均非連詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句，況who leaves the room last意為“某個(gè)最后離開(kāi)房間的人”，與題意不符，如果要選A. Anyone或B. The person，都必須在它們后面再加上引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞who。如果要選D. Who就體現(xiàn)不出“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”的含義了。 7. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______shares her interests. (Shanghai1995) A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 答案為C。本題句子的意思是：S

50、arah希望跟自己有共同愛(ài)好的人交朋友。疑問(wèn)詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；后者只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。首先排除A和D，從句中需要的是主語(yǔ)，所以whomever也不行。 8. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---- Is that ______ you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999) A. why B. what C. when D. where 答案A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，甲說(shuō)上周驅(qū)車(chē)去珠海觀看航

51、模展覽。乙據(jù)此來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)甲這是否是請(qǐng)幾天假的原因，故答案是A。答案B,C, D均與該題語(yǔ)境不符。根據(jù)上句提供的語(yǔ)境，下句應(yīng)該問(wèn)“那就是你為什么離開(kāi)幾天的原因嗎？” 9. I still remember ______ this used to be a quiet village. ( NMET1993) A. when B. how C. where D. what 答案A。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語(yǔ)，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應(yīng)選A．when。used to be表示一種過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時(shí)候是個(gè)寧?kù)o的地方?！? 10．I r

52、ead about it in some book or other，does it matter ____ it was ?（2001春季招生） A．where B．what C．how D．which 答案D。這是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少表語(yǔ)。從上句的意思分析，應(yīng)是哪本書(shū)，所以要填which，這句話的意思是“我在某本書(shū)中讀到過(guò)有關(guān)這方面的內(nèi)容，是哪一本書(shū)重要嗎？”。 11. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities

53、. A. while B. that C. when D. as (2001年上海) 答案B。該題考查that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來(lái)解釋或說(shuō)明名詞的內(nèi)容。 12. —I think it is going to be a big problem. —Yes, it could be. —I wonder ______ we can do about it. (北京 2020春季) A. if B. how C. wha

54、t D. that 答案C。本題考察名詞性從句的連接詞的用法。wonder后面應(yīng)跟賓語(yǔ)從句，而從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞do是及物動(dòng)詞，可見(jiàn)從句缺少一個(gè)代替賓語(yǔ)的成分，我們可以用排除法排除不作成分的if和that，再排除引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)的how，答案是C，句子的意思是“我們能就此做些什么”。 練習(xí) 1. ____A____that they found an unusual plant in the forest. A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says 答案A：句型It is said that+主語(yǔ)從句。類(lèi)似的還有It is b

55、elieved that……etc 2. __A___ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 答案A：觀察此從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，而能在主語(yǔ)從句中即充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分又引導(dǎo)的就只有what了 3. It worried Mary a lot __A___ she would pass the college entrance examination. A. whether B. if C. that D. how 4. Shanghai has taken on

56、a new look. It isn’t like ___A__ it used to be . A .what B. how C. that D. which 5. __A__ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether 6. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster __C__ he had done t

57、he day before. A .that B. how C .what D. where 7. The old man smiled when he saw how pretty ___D__ up to be during the past few years. A. had his daughter grown B. would his daughter grow C. his daughter would grow D. his daughter had grown 8. Have you seen Mary lately? My boss wants to kn

58、ow ___A____. A. how she is getting along B. how is she getting along C. what she is getting along D. what is she getting along 9. __B__surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well. A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D. What; what 10. These wild fl

59、owers are so special I would do ___A___ I can to save them. A. whatever B. which C. that D. whichever 11. __C___ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person 12. Eat __C___ you like and leave the others for _____ comes in late. A. any; who B.

60、 every; whoever C. whichever; whoever D. either; whoever 13. __A__ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; why C. What; because D. Why; that 14. It was __A__ he said ___ disappointed me. A. What; that B. That; that C. W

61、hat; what D. That;what 15. It was ordered that all the soldiers ___C____to the front. A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go 16. The true value of life is not in ___B___, but _______. A. which we get; what give we B. what we get; what we give C. which do we get; what do w

62、e give D. how we get; that we give 17. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ___A____. A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to be put off 18. Go and get your coat．It's __A__ you left it． A. where B. there C. here where D. where there 19. Sarah hopes to become a frie

63、nd of ___C___ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 20. You can’t imagine ___B___ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited Keys: 1---5 A A A A A 6---10 C D A B A 11----15 C C A A C 16---20 B A A C B